While significant progress continues to be made, it is not likely that a safe and effective cure or vaccine for HIV will be developed soon. The success of these goals will depend on future HIV researchers, many of whom are likely to be trained in the next five to ten years. The goal of this K24 proposal is to provide the applicant with sufficiet support to mentor trainees in state-of-the-art translational and patient oriented HIV research and to expand his involvement in UCSD's wide array of training programs. This application is built upon funded, active and ongoing research projects, where the mentee is the primary leader and is trained in every aspect of study design, execution, analyses, results interpretation and publication. The presented studies provide opportunities for in-depth mentoring as well as investigation into important and open scientific questions in HIV pathogenesis. These goals will be met in the following three aims, which incorporate multiple clinical studies and six current mentees.
SPECIFIC AIM 1 : To determine virologic and immunologic dynamics during primary HIV infection by investigating: the genital tract (1A), gut associated lymphoid tissue (1B), and the neutralizing antibody response in the blood (1C).
SPECIFIC AIM 2 : To validate pooling methods for diagnostic purposes in resource limited settings to detect: virologic failure of antiretroviral therapy (2A) and sub-acute malaria infection in the setting of HIV infection (2B).
SPECIFIC AIM 3 : To use molecular epidemiologic methods to characterize HIV-1 transmission networks between San Diego and Tijuana. Taken together, this proposal will allow the mid-career applicant to continue and expand his HIV research and mentoring activities.

Public Health Relevance

The success of future HIV research will depend on the training of new researchers today. The goal of this K24 proposal is to allow the applicant to continue and expand his mentoring activities by reducing the amount of his time spent on administrative and clinical responsibilities. If this proposal is successful, he will be able to deote at least 90% of his time to HIV research and mentoring of junior faculty, Infectious Disease fellows, and graduate and post-doctoral students in translational HIV research.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Midcareer Investigator Award in Patient-Oriented Research (K24)
Project #
4K24AI100665-05
Application #
9055628
Study Section
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Research Review Committee (AIDS)
Program Officer
Huebner, Robin E
Project Start
2012-05-01
Project End
2017-04-30
Budget Start
2016-05-01
Budget End
2017-04-30
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2016
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California San Diego
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
804355790
City
La Jolla
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
92093
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Christensen-Quick, Aaron; Chaillon, Antoine; Yek, Christina et al. (2018) Influenza Vaccination Can Broadly Activate the HIV Reservoir During Antiretroviral Therapy. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 79:e104-e107
Chaillon, Antoine; Gianella, Sara; Lada, Steven M et al. (2018) Size, Composition, and Evolution of HIV DNA Populations during Early Antiretroviral Therapy and Intensification with Maraviroc. J Virol 92:
Oliveira, Michelli F; Chaillon, Antoine; Nakazawa, Masato et al. (2017) Early Antiretroviral Therapy Is Associated with Lower HIV DNA Molecular Diversity and Lower Inflammation in Cerebrospinal Fluid but Does Not Prevent the Establishment of Compartmentalized HIV DNA Populations. PLoS Pathog 13:e1006112
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Chaillon, Antoine; Essat, Asma; Frange, Pierre et al. (2017) Spatiotemporal dynamics of HIV-1 transmission in France (1999-2014) and impact of targeted prevention strategies. Retrovirology 14:15
Carter, Christoph; Akrami, Kevan; Hall, Drew et al. (2017) Lyophilized visually readable loop-mediated isothermal reverse transcriptase nucleic acid amplification test for detection Ebola Zaire RNA. J Virol Methods 244:32-38
Gianella, Sara; Chaillon, Antoine; Mutlu, Ece A et al. (2017) Effect of cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus replication on intestinal mucosal gene expression and microbiome composition of HIV-infected and uninfected individuals. AIDS 31:2059-2067
Gianella, Sara; Taylor, Jeff; Brown, Timothy R et al. (2017) Can research at the end of life be a useful tool to advance HIV cure? AIDS 31:1-4
Wagner, Gabriel A; Landais, Elise; Caballero, Gemma et al. (2017) Intrasubtype B HIV-1 Superinfection Correlates with Delayed Neutralizing Antibody Response. J Virol 91:

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