The purpose of the renewal of this mid-career investigator award titled, ?Malnutrition, Diet and Racial Disparities in CKD (MADRAD)? by Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh, MD, MPH, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Pediatrics and Public Health at the University California Irvine School of Medicine and UCLA School of Public Health, is to provide him with significant protected time to continue and expand his ongoing patient-oriented research endeavors with heightened focus on mentoring early-career investigators in several University of California and Veterans Affairs-affiliated campuses in Southern California. These centers provide care to underserved, indigent populations and minorities who suffer from CKD and who require dialysis for survival. In the US, African Americans and Hispanics have a substantially higher prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (3.5 and 1.5 times higher, respectively) than non-Hispanic Whites. While the overall 5-year survival of ESRD patients is less than 40%, with the highest mortality risk observed among malnourished patients, minority dialysis patients exhibit lower mortality. Discovering the roots of CKD racial survival differences and the contribution of nutritional status and dietary factors to these disparities may have major clinical and public health implications. The PI hypothesizes that these disparities are due to distinct pathophysiologic mechanisms related to nutritional status and dietary intake across race/ethnicity. Several alternative hypotheses related to racial/ethnic differences in genetic polymorphisms, bone and mineral disorders, mental health and psychosocial factors, and dialysis treatment characteristics will also be examined. The PI proposes a 5-year prospective patient-oriented research study with repeated measures in a dynamic cohort of 1,500 hemodialysis (HD) patients (1/3 African American and 1/3 Hispanic), in collaboration with Southern California dialysis clinics. Nutritional status, dietary intake, psychosocial status, quality of life, clinical events, and survival will be longitudinally assessed. Genetic factors such as APOL1 risk alleles will also be examined, and biospecimens for future ancillary studies will be stored. In a substudy of 360 subjects, additional tests of body composition and dietary intake will be performed. Race/ethnicity specific risk-stratification scores will be developed and validated in a national retrospective cohort of over 150,000 HD patients. The support of the K24 award for this prospective study will allow PI to achieve the following goals: (1) Continue to expand his productive activities and capabilities as a mentor and facilitator for early-career investigators in renal nutrition and CKD disparities by leveraging his networking relationships across several campuses and centers including the University of California system and its Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Kaiser Permanente of Southern Calif., UCLA Public Health, and LA and Orange County Health Departments; (2) continue to expand his persistent efforts in increasing the participation of minority populations in CKD research studies across Southern California; and (3) continue his cultivation of an innovative area of CKD disparities and nutrition research through promising early career investigators and the ongoing support of collaborators in Southern California. The data and hypotheses generated during this 5-year cohort study will be utilized to promote additional patient-oriented studies by mentees under Dr. Kalantar to improve patient outcomes.

Public Health Relevance

Relevance of Research to Public Health Examining racial and ethnic disparities in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients and their relationship with nutritional status, diet, genetic factors, and outcomes in dialysis patients may lead to the development of more effective strategies to improve the survival and quality of life of dialysis patients, an additional 20 million CKD patients, and an additional 30 to 40 million Americans who suffer from chronic disease states associated with wasting disorders such as chronic heart failure. Training and mentoring early-career investigators in CKD disparities and kidney disease nutrition will enhance these important objectives.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Midcareer Investigator Award in Patient-Oriented Research (K24)
Project #
2K24DK091419-07
Application #
9243542
Study Section
Kidney, Urologic and Hematologic Diseases D Subcommittee (DDK-D)
Program Officer
Abbott, Kevin C
Project Start
2011-06-01
Project End
2021-05-31
Budget Start
2016-09-16
Budget End
2017-05-31
Support Year
7
Fiscal Year
2016
Total Cost
$186,539
Indirect Cost
$13,818
Name
University of California Irvine
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
046705849
City
Irvine
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
92617
Streja, Elani; Kovesdy, Csaba Pal; Soohoo, Melissa et al. (2018) Dialysis Provider and Outcomes among United States Veterans Who Transition to Dialysis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 13:1055-1062
Sumida, Keiichi; Molnar, Miklos Z; Potukuchi, Praveen K et al. (2018) Prognostic significance of pre-end-stage renal disease serum alkaline phosphatase for post-end-stage renal disease mortality in late-stage chronic kidney disease patients transitioning to dialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 33:264-273
Ferrey, Antoney; You, Amy S; Kovesdy, Csaba P et al. (2018) Dialysate Potassium and Mortality in a Prospective Hemodialysis Cohort. Am J Nephrol 47:415-423
Molnar, Miklos Z; Eason, James D; Gaipov, Abduzhappar et al. (2018) History of psychosis and mania, and outcomes after kidney transplantation - a retrospective study. Transpl Int 31:554-565
Gedney, Nieltje; Kalantar-Zadeh, Kamyar (2018) Dialysis Patient-Centeredness and Precision Medicine: Focus on Incremental Home Hemodialysis and Preserving Residual Kidney Function. Semin Nephrol 38:426-432
Mathew, Anna T; Obi, Yoshitsugu; Rhee, Connie M et al. (2018) Incremental dialysis for preserving residual kidney function-Does one size fit all when initiating dialysis? Semin Dial 31:343-352
Chou, Jason A; Streja, Elani; Nguyen, Danh V et al. (2018) Intradialytic hypotension, blood pressure changes and mortality risk in incident hemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 33:149-159
Yu, Jerry Z; Rhee, Connie M; Ferrey, Antoney et al. (2018) There's no place like home: 35-year patient survival on home hemodialysis. Semin Dial 31:300-304
Streja, Elani; Kalantar-Zadeh, Kamyar; Molnar, Miklos Z et al. (2018) Radical versus partial nephrectomy, chronic kidney disease progression and mortality in US veterans. Nephrol Dial Transplant 33:95-101
Rhee, Connie M; Obi, Yoshitsugu; Mathew, Anna T et al. (2018) Precision Medicine in the Transition to Dialysis and Personalized Renal Replacement Therapy. Semin Nephrol 38:325-335

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