Gender and racial/ethnic disparities in cardiovascular disease (CVD) have been well documented over the past decade of research. The applicant for renewal of a Midcareer Research Award, Dr. Lori Mosca, and many of her mentees, have contributed substantially to advancement of our knowledge in this field as a result of the initial K24 award, during which time Dr. Mosca was promoted to Professor of Medicine at Columbia University Medical Center. Substantial questions remain regarding the reasons for discrepancies in care and outcomes, a critical scientific gap that could inform interventions designed to reduce gender and racial/disparities in the prevention and treatment of CVD. The goal of this award is to provide the applicant with protected time to increase the pool of high quality multidisciplinary patient oriented researchers dedicated to a) understanding the independent contributions of gender and race/ethnicity to CVD outcomes and b) developing novel interventions targeted to modifiable factors that may reduce disparities. The award will also support the applicant's time to interact with and learn from other senior investigators with an interest in CVD disparities research, an appropriate and important commitment for her stage of career development. Extensive preliminary data by the applicant and her mentees has documented disparities in CVD awareness, risk factor control, and barriers to prevention. The proposed research provides a timely scientific opportunity to garner data from existing and ongoing studies uniquely suited to evaluate independent contributors to disparities and inform the design of future clinical trials and interventions aimed to reduce CVD disparities.
The specific aims of the research include: 1) To examine the association between race/ethnic group and a) awareness of coronary heart disease as the leading cause of death in women, b) knowledge of heart attack symptoms and actions to take when experiencing heart attack symptoms, and c) perceptions of preventive/alternative therapies for coronary heart disease risk reduction, among nationally representative samples of women surveyed triennially from 1997-2009, 2) To determine whether the effectiveness of a screening and education program for family members of patients hospitalized with CVD to improve lifestyle factors over one year varies by race/ethnic group and to examine acculturation, baseline risk, and psychosocial factors as potential confounders/effect modifiers of program effectiveness and 3) To ascertain whether control of CVD risk factors is independently associated with race/ethnic group among consecutive patients admitted to the cardiovascular disease service line of a major medical center, and to determine whether the association with medication adherence and having a paid or non-paid (family member/friend) caregiver prior to hospitalization. The significance and impact of this research is that it will extend our knowledge about health disparities and will address the etiology of differential outcomes with the goal of developing effective interventions to optimize cardiovascular health among populations that bear a disproportionate burden of CVD risk.

Public Health Relevance

This purpose of this research is to contribute to a reduction in gender, racial, and ethnic disparities in cardiovascular disease prevention through innovative approaches to study the causes of health disparities and to use the knowledge gained to inform targeted educational programs and to design future clinical studies aimed to reduce disparities and improve cardiovascular health for all.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
Type
Midcareer Investigator Award in Patient-Oriented Research (K24)
Project #
5K24HL076346-10
Application #
8698440
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZHL1)
Program Officer
Cooper, Lawton S
Project Start
2010-09-15
Project End
2015-06-30
Budget Start
2014-07-01
Budget End
2015-06-30
Support Year
10
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Columbia University (N.Y.)
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
City
New York
State
NY
Country
United States
Zip Code
10032
Mochari-Greenberger, Heidi; Mosca, Lori (2015) Racial/Ethnic differences in medication uptake and clinical outcomes among hospitalized cardiovascular patients with hypertension and diabetes. Am J Hypertens 28:106-12
Mochari-Greenberger, Heidi; Mosca, Lori (2015) Differential Outcomes by Race and Ethnicity in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: A Contemporary Review. Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep 9:
Aggarwal, Brooke; Pender, Ashley; Mosca, Lori et al. (2015) Factors associated with medication adherence among heart failure patients and their caregivers. J Nurs Educ Pract 5:22-27
Reid, Robert D; McDonnell, Lisa A; Riley, Dana L et al. (2014) Effect of an intervention to improve the cardiovascular health of family members of patients with coronary artery disease: a randomized trial. CMAJ 186:23-30
Mochari-Greenberger, Heidi; Mosca, Matthew; Aggarwal, Brooke et al. (2014) Caregiver status: a simple marker to identify cardiac surgery patients at risk for longer postoperative length of stay, rehospitalization, or death. J Cardiovasc Nurs 29:12-9
Mochari-Greenberger, Heidi; Towfighi, Amytis; Mosca, Lori (2014) National women's knowledge of stroke warning signs, overall and by race/ethnic group. Stroke 45:1180-2
Garshick, M; Mochari-Greenberger, H; Mosca, L (2014) Reduction in dietary trans fat intake is associated with decreased LDL particle number in a primary prevention population. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 24:100-6
Mochari-Greenberger, Heidi; Liao, Ming; Mosca, Lori (2014) Racial and ethnic differences in statin prescription and clinical outcomes among hospitalized patients with coronary heart disease. Am J Cardiol 113:413-7
Aggarwal, Brooke; Liao, Ming; Mosca, Lori (2013) Medication adherence is associated with having a caregiver among cardiac patients. Ann Behav Med 46:237-42
Mosca, Lori; Hammond, Gmerice; Mochari-Greenberger, Heidi et al. (2013) Fifteen-year trends in awareness of heart disease in women: results of a 2012 American Heart Association national survey. Circulation 127:1254-63, e1-29

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