Although Interferon-2 is one of the most popular treatments for multiple sclerosis, its mode of action as a drug is still not fully understood. Moreover, IFN-2 therapy is only partially effective and approximately 30% of MS patients do not respond to treatment. We recently published that response to IFN-2 therapy is dictated by TH1 and TH17 pathways. Using mouse models for MS, we found that IFN-2 attenuates TH1 induced disease but exacerbates TH17 disease. In a small cohort of MS patients, we observed high serum levels of IL-17F, a TH17 cytokine, in non-responders prior to the initiation of treatment. The goals of this research are to: 1. Determine the mechanisms by which IFN-2 treatment exerts its pro- and anti- inflammatory effects. This will be accomplished by using mouse models of MS and human CD4 T-cell culturing experiments, described in Aim 1 and 3 respectively. 2. Identify biomarkers in MS blood and spinal fluid that predict and track the responsiveness to IFN-2 treatment. This will be accomplished by analyzing cytokine profiles in patient's blood and spinal fluid in a longitudinal study, described in Aim 2. Training: The research proposed in this application covers a wide range of experimental techniques requiring expertise in animal models of autoimmunity, human immune cell biology, cell signaling, transcriptional regulation and experimentation with disease tissue. Therefore, additional training will be required in experimental techniques, statistical analysis, and organization of clinical research. Dr. Steinman, my mentor, along with Dr. Dunn (collaborator/consultant), and Dr. Racke (consultant) are experts in these areas and will ensure that these training needs are met. Environment: Stanford is a renowned academic research institute with a long record of producing cutting edge science. Stanford has a highly collaborative atmosphere with state-of- the-art facilities and world class investigators in many disciplines, many of whom are conducting research that is complementary to the work proposed in this application. The proposed research plan, training development and environment at Stanford will be highly conducive for my transition to an independent faculty.

Public Health Relevance

Interferon-beta is the most popular treatment for multiple sclerosis. However, a major limitation with IFN-beta is that approximately 30% of MS patients do not respond to treatment. The major goal of this proposal is to determine the mode of action of IFN-beta therapy and identify biomarkers that can predict responsiveness to this treatment.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)
Type
Career Transition Award (K99)
Project #
5K99NS075099-02
Application #
8262668
Study Section
NST-2 Subcommittee (NST)
Program Officer
Utz, Ursula
Project Start
2011-05-05
Project End
2013-04-30
Budget Start
2012-05-01
Budget End
2013-04-30
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$89,319
Indirect Cost
$6,616
Name
Stanford University
Department
Neurology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
009214214
City
Stanford
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
94305
Hartung, Hans-Peter; Steinman, Lawrence; Goodin, Douglas S et al. (2013) Interleukin 17F level and interferon ? response in patients with multiple sclerosis. JAMA Neurol 70:1017-21
Axtell, Robert C; Raman, Chander; Steinman, Lawrence (2013) Type I interferons: beneficial in Th1 and detrimental in Th17 autoimmunity. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 44:114-20
Herges, Katja; de Jong, Brigit A; Kolkowitz, Ilan et al. (2012) Protective effect of an elastase inhibitor in a neuromyelitis optica-like disease driven by a peptide of myelin oligodendroglial glycoprotein. Mult Scler 18:398-408
Axtell, Robert C; Raman, Chander (2012) Janus-like effects of type I interferon in autoimmune diseases. Immunol Rev 248:23-35
Lee, Li-Fen; Axtell, Robert; Tu, Guang Huan et al. (2011) IL-7 promotes T(H)1 development and serum IL-7 predicts clinical response to interferon-? in multiple sclerosis. Sci Transl Med 3:93ra68