This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Exercise is often recommended as a means of weight loss with the expectation that it will cause energy expenditure unaccompanied by increased appetite, or that it will suppress appetite. The effects of exercise on appetite are inconsistent and appear to be inhibitory at higher exercise intensities. No increase in food intake after exercise is seen in obese individuals, while increased food intake follows exercise in lean individuals. Several hormones secreted by the gastrointestinal tract appear to control appetite (ghrelin) and satiety (CCK, PYY), as do hormones secreted by other endocrine glands (epinephrine, norepinephrine, insulin) and the adipose tissue (leptin). Almost nothing is known about the role of these hormones in appetite and satiation after exercise. The purpose of this study is to measure plasma concentration of these hormones after exercise in a group of ten lean and another group of ten obese postmenopausal women. The aerobic fitness of women will be tested with a treadmill walking test to establish a moderate (MODEX) walking speed as 40% of their maximal effort, and a fast speed (HIEX) as 80% of maximal effort. All women will be asked to rate their appetite and hunger and will have their hormones measured in blood samples collected at intervals ranging from 15 minutes to one hour, on three occasions separated by at least seven days: a day with no exercise, and during days of MODEX and HIEX. This study will add to our understanding of the effectiveness of exercise to influence hormones that mediate appetite and satiety.
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