Project II, 'Regulation of ENaC by Proteases and SGK1', has as its long-term objective the betterunderstanding of the molecular mechanisms that link the rate of Na+ absorption by airway epithelia tophysical conditions on the airway surface. Relevance to the mission of the agency is that the airway surfaceis the largest interface between the body and the outside environment, and the airway must continuously ridits surface of inhaled particulates. To do so, it has strongly conserved processes for regulating the height ofthe thin film of liquid on its surface. Excessive Na+ absorption mediated by airway epithelial Na+ channels(ENaC) contributes to lung disease in cystic fibrosis patients, but the mechanisms that normally restrainENaC are poorly defined. To better understand how respiratory pathogens and/or inhaled chemicals couldupset normal regulation in the airways, we propose to examine the regulation of ENaC by two pathways thatmay link the rate of Na+ absorption to stimuli present on the airway surface. The Project has thee aims.
Aim1 : Extracellular proteolytic activity, as either soluble proteases, such as neutrophil elastase, or endogenoussurface proteases, probably CAP1 (prostasin), stimulate near silent Po approx. 0.01) ENaC to become active(Po approx 0.5). Protease inhibitors, though essential for the model, are not addressed in this Project, whichfocuses on the molecular mechanism of proteolytic regulation.
Aim 2 : The role of ENaC surface density andturnover in airway health and disease is unknown.
Aim 2 tests the effects of SGK1, ATP, and proteases onENaC surface density and turnover.
Aim 3 explores protease regulation of airway surface liquid volume inhighly differentiated human airway cells in vitro and in a mouse model, in vivo. Our studies are focused onthe effects of local signals on the open probability and surface density of ENaC, and how these modes ofregulating Na+ transport satisfy the airway's requirement for tonic volume absorption, while preserving itsability to accelerate or slow the process as conditions on the airway surface require. Relevance to PublicHealth: This research is designed to study the physiologic processes responsible for clearing inhaledparticles from the surface of the airways, so that the airways are able to deliver fresh air to the lungs' gasexchange surface.
| Schultz, André; Puvvadi, Ramaa; Borisov, Sergey M et al. (2017) Airway surface liquid pH is not acidic in children with cystic fibrosis. Nat Commun 8:1409 |
| Blackmon, R L; Kreda, S M; Sears, P R et al. (2017) Direct monitoring of pulmonary disease treatment biomarkers using plasmonic gold nanorods with diffusion-sensitive OCT. Nanoscale 9:4907-4917 |
| Esther Jr, Charles R; Turkovic, Lidija; Rosenow, Tim et al. (2016) Metabolomic biomarkers predictive of early structural lung disease in cystic fibrosis. Eur Respir J 48:1612-1621 |
| Blackmon, Richard L; Kreda, Silvia M; Sears, Patrick R et al. (2016) Diffusion-sensitive optical coherence tomography for real-time monitoring of mucus thinning treatments. Proc SPIE Int Soc Opt Eng 9697: |
| Tyrrell, Jean; Qian, Xiaozhong; Freire, Jose et al. (2015) Roflumilast combined with adenosine increases mucosal hydration in human airway epithelial cultures after cigarette smoke exposure. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 308:L1068-77 |
| Esther Jr, Charles R; Coakley, Raymond D; Henderson, Ashley G et al. (2015) Metabolomic Evaluation of Neutrophilic Airway Inflammation in Cystic Fibrosis. Chest 148:507-515 |
| Åstrand, Annika B M; Hemmerling, Martin; Root, James et al. (2015) Linking increased airway hydration, ciliary beating, and mucociliary clearance through ENaC inhibition. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 308:L22-32 |
| Bove, Peter F; Dang, Hong; Cheluvaraju, Chaitra et al. (2014) Breaking the in vitro alveolar type II cell proliferation barrier while retaining ion transport properties. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 50:767-76 |
| Esther Jr, Charles R; Boucher, Richard C; Johnson, M Ross et al. (2014) Airway drug pharmacokinetics via analysis of exhaled breath condensate. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 27:76-82 |
| Mellnik, John; Vasquez, Paula A; McKinley, Scott A et al. (2014) Micro-heterogeneity metrics for diffusion in soft matter. Soft Matter 10:7781-96 |
Showing the most recent 10 out of 229 publications
