Twenty-nine investigators propose a renewal of core program to enhance individual and collaborative research productivity and excellence through the development of new research and clinical instruments, increased opportunity for interaction among research groups, performance of research and publication of results. Investigations include: electrophysiologic and biochemical determination of the mechanism of visual excitation and adaptation in rods and cones; determination of neural net connections, neurotransmitters and function in the retina using electron microscopy and microassay techniques; determination of the mechanism of ionic flux and volume regulation in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and ciliary process and the identity and role of neuropeptide transmitters in control of aqueous humor secretion and development of myopia; characterization of determinants of the ocular inflammatory and immune response; determination of synthetic rates of retinal, vascular endothelial and RPE lipids, proteolipids and glycosaminoglycans in normals, diabetics and retinal dystrophy; relationship of type of crystallin synthesized to regeneration and clarity of the lens; ocular effects of diabetes and hypertension; layer by layer identification of retinal 02 utilization and its modulation by physiologic stimulation; determination of regional retinal blood flow, 02 delivery and tissue 02 saturation and their modulation vs. stage of diabetes and diabetic control; nature of visual cortical receptive field analysis of visual image features; anatomical connections and neurotransmission between substantia nigra, colliculus and visual cortex that mediate normal vision, ocular following, lesion induced blindness and release of blindness; the role of polarized light contrast in vision; the relative roles played by cone pigment (genetic variation) and neural processing in color vision; and the genetic mapping of a number of ocular diseases. The research requires development of equipment for, specialized microelectrode recording of oxygen, voltage, current and redox reactions, microelectrode injections, laser Doppler velocimetry, computer synchronized stimulation recording, variation and analysis of biochemical, electrical and behavioral data, together with the utilization of many advanced technological tools such as serial montage electron microscopy, uv-visible spectroscopy, modern imaging analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance and others.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Eye Institute (NEI)
Type
Center Core Grants (P30)
Project #
2P30EY001583-16
Application #
3102417
Study Section
Vision Research and Training Committee (VSN)
Project Start
1975-06-01
Project End
1995-08-31
Budget Start
1990-09-01
Budget End
1991-08-31
Support Year
16
Fiscal Year
1990
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Pennsylvania
Department
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
042250712
City
Philadelphia
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
19104
Massengill, Michael T; Ahmed, Chulbul M; Lewin, Alfred S et al. (2018) Neuroinflammation in Retinitis Pigmentosa, Diabetic Retinopathy, and Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Minireview. Adv Exp Med Biol 1074:185-191
Lu, Wennan; Gómez, Néstor M; Lim, Jason C et al. (2018) The P2Y12 Receptor Antagonist Ticagrelor Reduces Lysosomal pH and Autofluorescence in Retinal Pigmented Epithelial Cells From the ABCA4-/- Mouse Model of Retinal Degeneration. Front Pharmacol 9:242
Guziewicz, Karina E; Cideciyan, Artur V; Beltran, William A et al. (2018) BEST1 gene therapy corrects a diffuse retina-wide microdetachment modulated by light exposure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 115:E2839-E2848
Chen, Xi; Mangalesh, Shwetha; Dandridge, Alexandria et al. (2018) Spectral-Domain OCT Findings of Retinal Vascular-Avascular Junction in Infants with Retinopathy of Prematurity. Ophthalmol Retina 2:963-971
Dhingra, Anuradha; Bell, Brent A; Peachey, Neal S et al. (2018) Microtubule-Associated Protein 1 Light Chain 3B, (LC3B) Is Necessary to Maintain Lipid-Mediated Homeostasis in the Retinal Pigment Epithelium. Front Cell Neurosci 12:351
Mattar, Marcelo G; Olkkonen, Maria; Epstein, Russell A et al. (2018) Adaptation decorrelates shape representations. Nat Commun 9:3812
Cideciyan, Artur V; Sudharsan, Raghavi; Dufour, Valérie L et al. (2018) Mutation-independent rhodopsin gene therapy by knockdown and replacement with a single AAV vector. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 115:E8547-E8556
Zhang, Harrison G; Ying, Gui-Shuang (2018) Statistical approaches in published ophthalmic clinical science papers: a comparison to statistical practice two decades ago. Br J Ophthalmol 102:1188-1191
Huang, Jing; Huang, Jiayan; Chen, Yong et al. (2018) Evaluation of Approaches to Analyzing Continuous Correlated Eye Data When Sample Size Is Small. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 25:45-54
Gómez, Néstor Más; Lu, Wennan; Lim, Jason C et al. (2018) Robust lysosomal calcium signaling through channel TRPML1 is impaired by lysosomal lipid accumulation. FASEB J 32:782-794

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