This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. Despite the near complete suppression of detectable virus in many HIV infected patients undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy, viremia reemerges rapidly after interruption of treatment. Postintegration latency refers to latently infected resting memory CD4+ T cells containing transcriptionally silent integrated HIV-1 genomes. Postintegration latency contributes to the persistence of the virus under HAART and represents a known barrier to eradication of HIV infection. To investigate novel approaches for AIDS therapy, our nonhuman primate model uses RT-SHIV, a chimera of simian immunodeficiency virus containing the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT). Methods were developed for extraction, pre-amplification and real-time PCR analyses of viral DNA (vDNA) and viral RNA (vRNA) in tissues from RT-SHIV-infected macaques. These methods were used to identify viral reservoirs in RT-SHIV-infected macaques treated with a potent HAART regimen consisting of efavirenz, emtricitabine and tenofovir. Viral RNA and DNA were detected during HAART in tissues from numerous anatomical locations. The highest levels of vDNA and vRNA in HAART-treated macaques were in lymphoid tissues, particularly spleen, lymph nodes, and gastrointestinal tract tissues. This study is the first comprehensive analysis of tissue and organ distribution of a primate AIDS virus during HAART. These data demonstrate widespread persistence of residual virus in tissues during HAART.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Center for Research Resources (NCRR)
Type
Primate Research Center Grants (P51)
Project #
5P51RR000169-50
Application #
8357270
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRR1-CM-5 (01))
Project Start
2011-05-01
Project End
2012-04-30
Budget Start
2011-05-01
Budget End
2012-04-30
Support Year
50
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$191,444
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California Davis
Department
Veterinary Sciences
Type
Schools of Veterinary Medicine
DUNS #
047120084
City
Davis
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
95618
Midic, Uros; VandeVoort, Catherine A; Latham, Keith E (2018) Determination of single embryo sex in Macaca mulatta and Mus musculus RNA-Seq transcriptome profiles. Physiol Genomics 50:628-635
Almodovar, Sharilyn; Swanson, Jessica; Giavedoni, Luis D et al. (2018) Lung Vascular Remodeling, Cardiac Hypertrophy, and Inflammatory Cytokines in SHIVnef-Infected Macaques. Viral Immunol 31:206-222
Ciupe, Stanca M; Miller, Christopher J; Forde, Jonathan E (2018) A Bistable Switch in Virus Dynamics Can Explain the Differences in Disease Outcome Following SIV Infections in Rhesus Macaques. Front Microbiol 9:1216
Comrie, Alison E; Gray, Daniel T; Smith, Anne C et al. (2018) Different macaque models of cognitive aging exhibit task-dependent behavioral disparities. Behav Brain Res 344:110-119
Day, George Q; Ng, Jillian; Oldt, Robert F et al. (2018) DNA-based Determination of Ancestry in Cynomolgus Macaques (Macaca fascicularis). J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci 57:432-442
Carroll, Timothy D; Jegaskanda, Sinthujan; Matzinger, Shannon R et al. (2018) A Lipid/DNA Adjuvant-Inactivated Influenza Virus Vaccine Protects Rhesus Macaques From Uncontrolled Virus Replication After Heterosubtypic Influenza A Virus Challenge. J Infect Dis 218:856-867
Feng, Jun-Feng; Liu, Jing; Zhang, Lei et al. (2017) Electrical Guidance of Human Stem Cells in the Rat Brain. Stem Cell Reports 9:177-189
Han, Pengcheng; Nielsen, Megan; Song, Melissa et al. (2017) The Impact of Aging on Brain Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide, Pathology and Cognition in Mice and Rhesus Macaques. Front Aging Neurosci 9:180
Pittet, Florent; Johnson, Crystal; Hinde, Katie (2017) Age at reproductive debut: Developmental predictors and consequences for lactation, infant mass, and subsequent reproduction in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Am J Phys Anthropol 164:457-476
Kyle, Colin T; Stokes, Jared; Bennett, Jeffrey et al. (2017) Cytoarchitectonically-driven MRI atlas of nonhuman primate hippocampus: Preservation of subfield volumes in aging. Hippocampus :

Showing the most recent 10 out of 408 publications