Incarcerated women are often affected by childhood abuse, violence, and other difficult life circumstances throughout their life course, and typically come from disproportionately disadvantaged neighborhoods. However, relatively less research has examined how neighborhood characteristics and incarceration interact with inmates'risk factors. Although several criminal justice studies demonstrated that excessive incarceration may exacerbate community disadvantages and instability as a large proportion of residents constantly move between jail and community, the impact of neighborhood disadvantages on inmates'health outcomes, such as drug use and sexual risks have not been examined. Furthermore, while the rate of female incarceration has steadily increased over the past 20 years, previous studies predominantly concern with men, and women's unique life trajectories of incarceration, sexual risks, and drug use have been less understood. The study proposes to examine the impact and consequences of incarceration on the patterns of substance use, risky sexual behaviors, and recidivism among female inmates who are returning to the community from a large urban jail. The proposed conceptual model will be tested explaining the ecological factors associated with incarceration, and the impact of incarceration on drug use, STls/HlV risks, and recidivism among female inmates. To achieve the objectives, the proposed study will conduct: 1) qualitative in-depth interviews with women in jail exploring their experience with incarceration, changes in social networks and support, health concerns, health care and social services utilization, expected challenges upon release, and needs for successful transition to community life;2) face-to-face longitudinal surveys with a cohort of female inmates at three time points (baseline in jail, and two weeks and three months post-release) to examine primary outcomes (relapse to drug use, risks for STIs/HlV infection, recidivism), secondary outcomes, and mediators (social network, social support);and 3) multi-level analysis and mapping to explore the effects of neighborhood disadvantage and instability, the rates of incarceration and STIs on women's outcomes.

Public Health Relevance

Incarcerated women are often from the poor, minority, urban populations who are most affected by drug abuse and HIV. The rate of female incarceration has dramatically increased in recent years, while the majority of them return to the community along with their health problems. Findings of the research wilt help better understand incarcerated women's complex health, socioeconomic issues and community context, which may contribute to reducing health disparities among women living in disadvantaged neighborhoods.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Research Transition Award (R00)
Project #
5R00DA024012-05
Application #
8118597
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (NSS)
Program Officer
Deeds, Bethany
Project Start
2007-09-20
Project End
2013-07-31
Budget Start
2011-08-01
Budget End
2013-07-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$238,693
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Illinois at Chicago
Department
Public Health & Prev Medicine
Type
Schools of Public Health
DUNS #
098987217
City
Chicago
State
IL
Country
United States
Zip Code
60612
Kim, Seijeoung; Mazza, Jessica; Zwanziger, Jack et al. (2014) School and Behavioral Outcomes Among Inner City Children: Five-Year Follow-Up. Urban Educ (Beverly Hills Calif) 49:835-856
Kim, Seijeoung; Mazza, Jessica (2014) Reliability, Validity, and Item Response of MOS Social Support Score among Incarcerated Women. Women Crim Justice 24:1-21
Osiecki, Kristin M; Kim, Seijeoung; Chukwudozie, Ifeanyi B et al. (2013) Utilizing Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis to Examine Health and Environmental Disparities in Disadvantaged Neighborhoods. Environ Justice 6:81-87
Kim, Seijeoung; Chukwudozie, Beverly; Calhoun, Elizabeth (2013) Sociodemographic Characteristics, Distance to the Clinic, and Breast Cancer Screening Results. J Health Dispar Res Pract 6:70
Williams, Chyvette T; Kim, Seijeoung; Meyer, Jaimie et al. (2013) Gender differences in baseline health, needs at release, and predictors of care engagement among HIV-positive clients leaving jail. AIDS Behav 17 Suppl 2:S195-202
Kim, Seijeoung; Johnson, Timothy P; Goswami, Samir et al. (2011) Risk factors for homelessness and sex trade among incarcerated women: A Structural equation model. J Int Womens Stud 12:128-148
Kim, Seijeoung; Dolecek, Therese A; Davis, Faith G (2010) Racial differences in stage at diagnosis and survival from epithelial ovarian cancer: a fundamental cause of disease approach. Soc Sci Med 71:274-281