Older individuals show the highest proportional increase of those being waitlisted or receiving an organ transplant. The increasing need has been compensated, at least in part, by utilizing older donor organs. Aging is associated with significant changes of the immune system, but little is known about underlying mechanisms and the potential impact on immune responses in organ transplantation. Moreover, little is known on how organ age may impact immune responses. We have shown in a large scale clinical study that older renal transplant recipients had less acute rejections and a better (death censored) graft survival. In contrast, engraftment of older organs had been linked with significantly more acute rejections. In a bed-to-bench approach, we have recently reported experimental data showing that advanced donor age was associated with significantly higher frequencies of activated T cells, an intensified T-cell proliferation and alloreactive IFNg production. We have now also established an experimental transplant model that shows a significantly shorter survival of old allografts. Recipient age, in our experimental studies delayed graft rejection and was associated with impaired T cell responses, reduced T-cell proliferation and limited IFNg production. At the same time, we observed a well preserved suppressor function of old alloantigen-specific CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T cells. Our preliminary experimental data in old recipients have also shown an alteration of the CD8+ TCR signaling machinery that was associated with a down-regulation of CD122. We were also able to show experimentally that immunouppressants have age-specific effects: treatment of old and young recipient mice with rapamycin or CTLA4-Ig, two clinically relevant immunosuppressants that have different mechanisms of action showed age-dependent effects on allograft survival. Rapamycin promoted long-term graft function in old recipients while cardiac allografts in young recipients showed a significantly reduced survival. In contrast, treatment with CTLA4-Ig promoted graft survival in young but not old recipients. In this application, we will dissect mechanisms of age-specific alloimmune responses.
In specific aim 1, we will identify whether aging augments the immunogenic capacity of donor dendritic cells (DCs). Moreover, we will define the role of old DCs in allograft rejection that is associated with aging using DTR transgenic mice and identify activating signaling pathway(s).
In specific aim 2, we will assess functional changes of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in old and young mice. Moreover, we will test in-vivo proliferation and conversion of effector T cells into Tregs using Foxp3-GFP reporter transgenic mice.
In specific aim 3, we will define age-specific responses to rapamycin and CTLA4-Ig. As our society is embracing an expanding aging population our studies will be of considerable significance and will allow creating effective therapeutic protocols with relevance in and beyond organ transplantation.
This research is relevant to public health because it addresses the impact of aging on immune cells (T and APC cells) and solid organ transplant survival. Therefore, this study is important because it is novel and it will permit us to develop effective and new therapies to prevent allograft rejection in elderly patients.
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| Quante, Markus; Heinbokel, Timm; Edtinger, Karoline et al. (2018) Rapamycin Prolongs Graft Survival and Induces CD4+IFN-?+IL-10+ Regulatory Type 1 Cells in Old Recipient Mice. Transplantation 102:59-69 |
| Krenzien, F; Quante, M; Heinbokel, T et al. (2017) Age-Dependent Metabolic and Immunosuppressive Effects of Tacrolimus. Am J Transplant 17:1242-1254 |
| Aycart, Mario A; Alhefzi, Muayyad; Sharma, Gaurav et al. (2017) Outcomes of Solid Organ Transplants After Simultaneous Solid Organ and Vascularized Composite Allograft Procurements: A Nationwide Analysis. Transplantation 101:1381-1386 |
| Kueckelhaus, Maximilian; Fischer, Sebastian; Seyda, Midas et al. (2016) Vascularized composite allotransplantation: current standards and novel approaches to prevent acute rejection and chronic allograft deterioration. Transpl Int 29:655-62 |
| Seyda, Midas; Elkhal, Abdallah; Quante, Markus et al. (2016) T Cells Going Innate. Trends Immunol 37:546-556 |
| Tullius, Stefan G; Pomahac, Bohdan; Kim, Heung Bae et al. (2016) Successful Recovery and Transplantation of 11 Organs Including Face, Bilateral Upper Extremities, and Thoracic and Abdominal Organs From a Single Deceased Organ Donor. Transplantation 100:2226-9 |
| Exterkate, Leonie; Slegtenhorst, Bendix R; Kelm, Matthias et al. (2016) Frailty and Transplantation. Transplantation 100:727-33 |
| Bedi, Damanpreet S; Krenzien, Felix; Quante, Markus et al. (2016) Defective CD8 Signaling Pathways Delay Rejection in Older Recipients. Transplantation 100:69-79 |
| Tullius, Stefan G; Grey, Shane T; Issa, Fadi (2016) Awards in Transplantation Science Recognize the Best Manuscripts Published in Transplantation. Transplantation 100:249-50 |
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