The face of aging in the United States is changing dramatically with the projection of 70 million Americans age 65 or older in the next 25 years. As life expectancy increases, the incidence of diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disorders and neurodegeneration rises. It is vital, therefore, that we understand more about the dynamics of aging, how they interact with various environmental and lifestyle factors, and the connections between disease processes and aging in order to develop more effective ways to prevent, diagnose and treat age-related diseases. Our recent work on environmental enrichment, a housing environment boosting mental health, has revealed a novel phenotype characterized by a robust reduction in adiposity, resistance to diet-induced obesity, enhanced insulin sensitivity, enhanced immune function, and inhibition in cancer growth. Moreover the anti-cancer and anti-obesity phenotypes are mediated by the activation of a brain-fat axis, the hypothalamic-sympathoneural-adipocyte (HSA) axis. In this regulatory network, the key component in the brain is BDNF, which is highly responsive to activity and the environment, and it controls the HSA activity and thereby regulates fat. Fat, as the principal responsive organ in the periphery, subsequently influences multiple organ systems. The key features of activation of the HSA axis are shared by those environmental and genetic factors known to increase lifespan such as calorie restriction and fat-specific insulin receptor knockout mice. However the role of the HSA axis in the aging process has not been investigated. The long-term goal of this study is to understand how a physically, mentally, and socially active environment may influence healthspan and lifespan and to define the underlying mechanisms. Specifically, we propose to utilize a multidisciplinary approach to characterize the role of HSA axis in healthy aging. We plan to investigate the effects of short-term activation of the HSA axis via environmental intervention or gene transfer of BDNF on aging markers (adiposity, metabolism, hormonal and growth factor alteration, insulin sensitivity, and immune function), as well as the effects of long term HSA axis activation on healthspan and lifespan in both normal animals and obesity and diabetes models. Accomplishing the proposed experiments will assess the role of this newly characterized brain-fat axis in healthy aging and the effects of manipulating a single gene in the brain to regulate healthspan, and furthermore may reveal potential targets for the prevention and treatment of age-related diseases.

Public Health Relevance

Our recent work has shown that the environmental or genetic activation of a brain-fat axis, the hypothalamic-sympathoneural-adipocyte (HSA) axis, leads to anticancer and anti-obesity phenotypes and physiological changes shared by models with extended longevity. The purpose of this project is to understand how a physically, mentally, and socially active environment may influence lifespan and to specifically characterize the role of the HSA axis in healthy aging with the ultimate goal of utilizing this knowledge to develop interventions to reduce disease and disability and improve the health and quality of life of older people.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Aging (NIA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01AG041250-03
Application #
8849326
Study Section
Aging Systems and Geriatrics Study Section (ASG)
Program Officer
Mackiewicz, Miroslaw
Project Start
2013-06-15
Project End
2018-05-31
Budget Start
2015-06-15
Budget End
2016-05-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
$306,229
Indirect Cost
$107,379
Name
Ohio State University
Department
Microbiology/Immun/Virology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
832127323
City
Columbus
State
OH
Country
United States
Zip Code
43210
McMurphy, Travis; Huang, Wei; Queen, Nicholas J et al. (2018) Implementation of environmental enrichment after middle age promotes healthy aging. Aging (Albany NY) 10:1698-1721
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Huang, Wei; Liu, Xianglan; Queen, Nicholas J et al. (2017) Targeting Visceral Fat by Intraperitoneal Delivery of Novel AAV Serotype Vector Restricting Off-Target Transduction in Liver. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 6:68-78
Siu, Jason J; Queen, Nicholas J; Liu, Xianglan et al. (2017) Molecular Therapy of Melanocortin-4-Receptor Obesity by an Autoregulatory BDNF Vector. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 7:83-95
Zhang, Yanhui; Xie, Litao; Gunasekar, Susheel K et al. (2017) SWELL1 is a regulator of adipocyte size, insulin signalling and glucose homeostasis. Nat Cell Biol 19:504-517
Xie, Litao; Zhang, Yanhui; Gunasekar, Susheel K et al. (2017) Induction of adipose and hepatic SWELL1 expression is required for maintaining systemic insulin-sensitivity in obesity. Channels (Austin) 11:673-677
Ng, Raymond; Hussain, Nurul Attiqah; Zhang, Qiongyi et al. (2017) miRNA-32 Drives Brown Fat Thermogenesis and Trans-activates Subcutaneous White Fat Browning in Mice. Cell Rep 19:1229-1246
Siu, J J; Queen, N J; Huang, W et al. (2017) Improved gene delivery to adult mouse spinal cord through the use of engineered hybrid adeno-associated viral serotypes. Gene Ther 24:361-369
Xiao, Run; Bergin, Stephen M; Zhang, Manchao et al. (2016) Anticancer Molecules in Brain: Implication for Novel Strategy for Cancer Immunotherapy. Immunotherapy (Los Angel) 2:
Huang, Wei; McMurphy, Travis; Liu, Xianglan et al. (2016) Genetic Manipulation of Brown Fat Via Oral Administration of an Engineered Recombinant Adeno-associated Viral Serotype Vector. Mol Ther 24:1062-1069

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