TDP-43 pathology was first identified in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), but was later found in other incurable neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is characterized by decreased solubility, hyper-phosphorylation and abnormal accumulation of TDP-43 in the cytosolic compartment, which results in its nuclear depletion. Despite considerable effort to investigate the function of TDP-43, we still have a very poor understanding of the molecular events underlying TDP-43 pathogenesis. For instance, little is known about the molecular targets and mechanisms mediating its pathological cascade, and which and how many pathways orchestrate the disease. Additionally, recent studies indicate that TDP-43 may also play a role in AD pathogenesis by regulating A?42 plaque formation and tau aggregation. A key challenge, therefore, is to identify critical proteins and pathways capable of blocking TDP- 43 toxicity and its potential interactions with concurrent A?42 and tau pathologies. To address this, we recently performed an unbiased loss-of-function screen searching for modifiers of mutant TDP-43 toxicity in the Drosophila eye. To do so, we used a next generation collection of 6,261 RNA lines against human homologues and found 375 modifiers, including more than 100 suppressors. Our hypothesis is that a comprehensive functional analysis of these modifiers, including therapeutic challenges in other neurodegenerative models, will help to deconstruct and identify the most relevant pathological cascades. Therefore, this application aims at validating, classifying and prioritizing the best TDP-43 suppressors among this constellation of modifiers (Aim 1). Additionally, we will define the therapeutic potential of the top candidates and their combinations in additional models of FTLD, ALS and AD (Aim 2). Since co-manipulation of TDP-43, A?42 and tau in vivo is very difficult to study due to the aggressive synergistic toxicity between these factors, we developed a new optogenetic expression system to bypass this limitation. This new system allows unprecedented spatiotemporal control of gene expression in response to light quantity, duration and direction and, thus, we will use it to substantially increase knowledge of how these proteins interact using in vivo and ex vivo paradigms (Aim 3). Taken together, these experiments are highly significant because they will tease apart the complex mechanisms mediating TDP-43 proteinopathies and will provide valuable information for the development of new therapeutic strategies. In addition, we will provide new optogenetic tools for the simultaneous analysis of multiple neurotoxic proteins with unprecedented resolution.

Public Health Relevance

Transactivation response DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), a highly conserved nuclear protein, was identified in 2006 as the major disease protein in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Unfortunately, effective therapeutic strategies remain elusive for these diseases due to our limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms mediating TDP-43 insults. The proposed research is relevant to public health because understanding the protective role of the new modifiers of TDP-43 toxicity, and their implications in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis, may lead to the development of effective therapies for these devastating disorders.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Aging (NIA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
1R01AG059871-01
Application #
9579126
Study Section
Cellular and Molecular Biology of Neurodegeneration Study Section (CMND)
Program Officer
Opanashuk, Lisa A
Project Start
2018-08-15
Project End
2023-04-30
Budget Start
2018-08-15
Budget End
2019-04-30
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2018
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Florida
Department
Neurosciences
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
969663814
City
Gainesville
State
FL
Country
United States
Zip Code
32611
de Mena, Lorena; Rizk, Patrick; Rincon-Limas, Diego E (2018) Bringing Light to Transcription: The Optogenetics Repertoire. Front Genet 9:518