Macrophages have been implicated as target cells and disseminators of viral infection. Macrophages isolated from genetically resistant mouse strains defend against infection with Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) by inhibiting replication. HSV does not replicate well in human blood monocytes, probably due to similar mechanisms. The proposed investigations are designed to characterize the interaction of HSV with macrophages of different genetic backgrounds and of different tissue origins, utilizing the following approaches: 1. Macrophages (from bone marrow, spleen, liver, peritoneum and lung) from susceptible and resistant inbred strains of mice, AND human peripheral blood monocytes will be examined for ability to support or inhibit HSV replication in culture. Specifically, we will examine: a) viral entry (adsorption/penetration) b) macromolecular synthesis c) virion assembly 2. The effects of anti-viral factors which are known to inhibit viral replication (Interferon, Tumor Necrosis Factor, defensins) will be examined in: a) HSV-infected mouse macrophages or cell lines from susceptible and resistant mouse strains; b) HSV-infected human peripheral monocytes and macrophage cell lines. 3. HSV genetic variants which replicate efficiently in mouse macrophages (susceptible and resistant) will be selected. The effects of these genetic variants on LD50 in mice will be compared to those observed with parental virus. Information obtained from these studies will further knowledge of how macrophages defend against viral infection and how viruses circumvent these macrophage defense systems. In addition, the proposed studies with anti-viral factors will aid in defining the genes or gene products which render resistance to HSV disease.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01AI025358-03
Application #
3138842
Study Section
Virology Study Section (VR)
Project Start
1988-09-30
Project End
1992-08-31
Budget Start
1990-09-01
Budget End
1992-08-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
1990
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Department
Type
Other Domestic Higher Education
DUNS #
001910777
City
Houston
State
TX
Country
United States
Zip Code
77030