The etiologic agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV is a genomically and biologically heterogeneous virus; many reports have noted that a wide variety of HIV strains exist with differing nucleotide sequences and widely differing biological properties. Differential replication of HIV isolates in vitro has been reported in established lines of T cells, B cells, monocytes and in PHA stimulated PBL. Recent studies demonstrate that many HIV variants exists within an infected individual at any one time and that the clinical condition of the patient correlates with the collective biological properties of those viruses in vitro. Although it is speculated that the differences in replication kinetics of HIV isolates are determined by differences in the viral nonstructural proteins and the control elements of the LTR, the viral determinants responsible for differential replication, tropism and cytopathic effects are not known. If the biological diversity in vitro has relevance to replication in vivo, an understanding of the genetic factors that govern the biological properties of the virus would contribute to efforts in controlling pathogenicity. To determine the regions of the viral genome responsible for the differential replication, tropism and cytopathic effects of HIVs, a series of hybrid viruses will be constructed from molecular clones of several well characterized HIV isolates. The replication potential, tropism and cytopathogenicity of the hybrid and parental viruses will be determined in a variety of cells. The long term objective is to understand the molecular basis of the distinctive biological properties of HIVS.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01AI029306-03
Application #
3144037
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ARR (V1))
Project Start
1989-11-01
Project End
1994-10-31
Budget Start
1991-11-01
Budget End
1992-10-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
1992
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Wistar Institute
Department
Type
DUNS #
042250712
City
Philadelphia
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
19104
Tomkowicz, Brian; Singh, Satya P; Lai, Derhsing et al. (2005) Mutational analysis reveals an essential role for the LXXLL motif in the transformation function of the human herpesvirus-8 oncoprotein, kaposin. DNA Cell Biol 24:10-20
Tungaturthi, Parithosh K; Sawaya, Bassel E; Ayyavoo, Velpandi et al. (2004) HIV-1 Vpr: genetic diversity and functional features from the perspective of structure. DNA Cell Biol 23:207-22
Tungaturthi, Parithosh K; Sawaya, Bassel E; Singh, Satya P et al. (2003) Role of HIV-1 Vpr in AIDS pathogenesis: relevance and implications of intravirion, intracellular and free Vpr. Biomed Pharmacother 57:20-4
Singh, S P; Tungaturthi, P; Cartas, M et al. (2001) Virion-associated HIV-1 Vpr: variable amount in virus particles derived from cells upon virus infection or proviral DNA transfection. Virology 283:78-83
Cartas, M; Singh, S P; Serio, D et al. (2001) Intravirion display of a peptide corresponding to the dimer structure of protease attenuates HIV-1 replication. DNA Cell Biol 20:797-805
Singh, S P; Tomkowicz, B; Lai, D et al. (2000) Functional role of residues corresponding to helical domain II (amino acids 35 to 46) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr. J Virol 74:10650-7
Lai, D; Singh, S P; Cartas, M et al. (2000) Extent of incorporation of HIV-1 Vpr into the virus particles is flexible and can be modulated by expression level in cells. FEBS Lett 469:191-5
Serio, D; Singh, S P; Cartas, M A et al. (2000) Antiviral agent based on the non-structural protein targeting the maturation process of HIV-1: expression and susceptibility of chimeric Vpr as a substrate for cleavage by HIV-1 protease. Protein Eng 13:431-6
Singh, S P; Lai, D; Cartas, M et al. (2000) Epitope-tagging approach to determine the stoichiometry of the structural and nonstructural proteins in the virus particles: amount of Vpr in relation to Gag in HIV-1. Virology 268:364-71
Serio, D; Weber, I T; Harrison, R W et al. (1999) Epitope-based assay to determine the efficiency of cleavage by HIV-1 protease. Biotechniques 26:242-4, 246

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