Peter Panum reported on a measles epidemic in the Faroe Islands in 1846; he noted that those individuals who had measles during the last epidemic, 65 years earlier, were spared. This was the first observation in the modern era that immunologic memory is long-lived. In 1968, the current live-attenuated measles vaccine was licensed and 30 years later, no indigenous cases of measles were detected in the U.S. The success of this vaccine underscores the necessity for developing vaccines for other pathogens for which long-lived immunologic memory is not apparent (e.g. influenza, respiratory syncytial virus and HIV). Toward this end, the goal of this proposal is to establish an animal model of long-term immunologic memory to measles vaccine in the rhesus monkey. Measles virus is pathogenic in rhesus monkeys and the immune responses of infected monkeys are similar to those in humans. Vaccination of monkeys with live attenuated measles vaccine protects them from systemic infection and disease after challenge with pathogenic measles virus. There are two aims and hypotheses for this proposal. 1. Memory B and T cells circulate in the blood and through body tissues differently than do naive cells, and patterns of Iymphocyte circulation and retention in tissues are related to the initial route of immunization. 2. The levels of memory B and T cells that persist during long-term memory are determined by the amount of viral antigen produced during the primary immune response.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01AI045827-05
Application #
6848687
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-VACC (04))
Program Officer
Cassetti, Cristina
Project Start
2001-04-01
Project End
2007-02-28
Budget Start
2005-03-01
Budget End
2007-02-28
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2005
Total Cost
$238,600
Indirect Cost
Name
University of California Davis
Department
Veterinary Sciences
Type
Other Domestic Higher Education
DUNS #
047120084
City
Davis
State
CA
Country
United States
Zip Code
95618
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Pahar, Bapi; Li, Jun; McChesney, Michael B (2005) Detection of T cell memory to measles virus in experimentally infected rhesus macaques by cytokine flow cytometry. J Immunol Methods 304:174-83
Premenko-Lanier, Mary; Rota, Paul A; Rhodes, Gary H et al. (2004) Protection against challenge with measles virus (MV) in infant macaques by an MV DNA vaccine administered in the presence of neutralizing antibody. J Infect Dis 189:2064-71
Premenko-Lanier, Mary; Rota, Paul A; Rhodes, Gary et al. (2003) DNA vaccination of infants in the presence of maternal antibody: a measles model in the primate. Virology 307:67-75
Pahar, Bapi; Li, Jun; Rourke, Tracy et al. (2003) Detection of antigen-specific T cell interferon gamma expression by ELISPOT and cytokine flow cytometry assays in rhesus macaques. J Immunol Methods 282:103-15