Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are potent immunomodulatory compounds which, during the course of Gram negative infections, probably play a major role in the induction of septic shock. Therefore, a complete understanding of host mechanisms involved in the transport, detoxification, and attenuation of immune modulation by these potent bacterial membrane constituents will be necessary to formulate effective interventional strategies for septic shock. Previous work from several laboratories has shown that LPS released from the surface of Gram negative bacteria appear to have two fates: LPS may bind to leukocytes to initiate an inflammatory responses, or they made bind to plasma lipoproteins which attenuates LPS bioactivity and facilitates clearance. Recent work in Dr. Kitchens' laboratory suggests that there is an additional component in the host response to LPS. LPS may be removed from the surface of leukocytes and complexed with plasma lipoproteins or mixtures of purified high-density lipoproteins (HDL). This phenomenon is referred to as LPS efflux. The induction of acute phase reactants during inflammation may enhance LPS efflux. Finally, LPS efflux may be responsible for down-regulation of the host inflammatory response to LPS.
Four specific aims are offered to address the hypothesis that LPS efflux reduces cellular responses to LPS.
Specific aim 1 : To determine the roles played by cell surface proteins in LPS traffic between cells and lipoproteins.
Specific aim 2 : To determine the roles played by soluble lipid transfer proteins in LPS efflux and in responses to cells that have acquired LPS.
Specific aim 3 : To evaluate the relative importance of natural lipoprotein classes from normal and acute phase plasma as acceptors for cell-associated LPS.
Specific aim 4 : To study the impact of LPS efflux on cellular responses to LPS.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01AI045896-02
Application #
6374241
Study Section
Bacteriology and Mycology Subcommittee 2 (BM)
Program Officer
Voulgaropoulou, Frosso
Project Start
2000-04-01
Project End
2005-03-31
Budget Start
2001-04-01
Budget End
2002-03-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2001
Total Cost
$234,000
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Texas Sw Medical Center Dallas
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
City
Dallas
State
TX
Country
United States
Zip Code
75390
Shao, Baomei; Munford, Robert S; Kitchens, Richard et al. (2012) Hepatic uptake and deacylation of the LPS in bloodborne LPS-lipoprotein complexes. Innate Immun 18:825-33
Thompson, Patricia A; Gauthier, Karine C; Varley, Alan W et al. (2010) ABCA1 promotes the efflux of bacterial LPS from macrophages and accelerates recovery from LPS-induced tolerance. J Lipid Res 51:2672-85
Li, Li; Thompson, Patricia A; Kitchens, Richard L (2008) Infection induces a positive acute phase apolipoprotein E response from a negative acute phase gene: role of hepatic LDL receptors. J Lipid Res 49:1782-93
Thompson, Patricia A; Berbee, Jimmy F P; Rensen, Patrick C N et al. (2008) Apolipoprotein A-II augments monocyte responses to LPS by suppressing the inhibitory activity of LPS-binding protein. Innate Immun 14:365-74
Seetharam, Divya; Mineo, Chieko; Gormley, Andrew K et al. (2006) High-density lipoprotein promotes endothelial cell migration and reendothelialization via scavenger receptor-B type I. Circ Res 98:63-72
Thompson, Patricia A; Kitchens, Richard L (2006) Native high-density lipoprotein augments monocyte responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by suppressing the inhibitory activity of LPS-binding protein. J Immunol 177:4880-7
Berbee, Jimmy F P; van der Hoogt, Caroline C; Kleemann, Robert et al. (2006) Apolipoprotein CI stimulates the response to lipopolysaccharide and reduces mortality in gram-negative sepsis. FASEB J 20:2162-4
Kitchens, Richard L; Thompson, Patricia A (2005) Modulatory effects of sCD14 and LBP on LPS-host cell interactions. J Endotoxin Res 11:225-9
Kitchens, Richard L; Thompson, Patricia A; Munford, Robert S et al. (2003) Acute inflammation and infection maintain circulating phospholipid levels and enhance lipopolysaccharide binding to plasma lipoproteins. J Lipid Res 44:2339-48
Thompson, Patricia A; Tobias, Peter S; Viriyakosol, Suganya et al. (2003) Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein inhibits responses to cell-bound LPS. J Biol Chem 278:28367-71

Showing the most recent 10 out of 13 publications