The long-term objective of this proposal is to generate knowledge that may be used to prepare for or prevent pandemic influenza. The interspecies transmission of influenza viruses is a key element in the generation of a pandemic influenza strain. Although little is known about the molecular steps required to create a potential human pandemic strain, intermediate hosts are considered necessary. Aquatic birds are the natural reservoir of influenza A viruses, but the influenza A viruses isolated from humans in Hong Kong (H5N1 in 1997 and H9N2 in1999) contained genes that had circulated and adapted in land-based birds, particularly quail, which are widely farmed in Southern China. Epidemiological evidence and our preliminary results strongly suggest that quail could play a unique role among land-based birds in the emergence of novel influenza A viruses that can cross the species barrier. The proposed research will use molecular, classical virologic, and reverse genetics methods to define 1) the role of land-based birds, particularly quail, as intermediate hosts in interspecies transmission and spread of influenza A viruses; and 2) the molecular basis of the transmissibility of influenza A viruses in land-based avian intermediate hosts. With poultry production increasing worldwide (more than 200% since the 1960's), the mechanisms underlying interspecies transmission of influenza viruses must be elucidated if the emergence of a pandemic influenza strain is to be forestalled or adequately prepared for. The techniques needed to obtain this information are now available, and the results will lay the groundwork for important changes in agricultural policies and pandemic planning.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
1R01AI052155-01A1
Application #
6616537
Study Section
Experimental Virology Study Section (EVR)
Program Officer
Lambert, Linda C
Project Start
2003-09-15
Project End
2006-12-31
Budget Start
2003-09-15
Budget End
2003-12-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2003
Total Cost
$99,000
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Maryland College Park
Department
Miscellaneous
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
790934285
City
College Park
State
MD
Country
United States
Zip Code
20742
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Sorrell, Erin M; Song, Haichen; Pena, Lindomar et al. (2010) A 27-amino-acid deletion in the neuraminidase stalk supports replication of an avian H2N2 influenza A virus in the respiratory tract of chickens. J Virol 84:11831-40
Ye, Jianqiang; Sorrell, Erin M; Cai, Yibin et al. (2010) Variations in the hemagglutinin of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic virus: potential for strains with altered virulence phenotype? PLoS Pathog 6:e1001145
Kimble, Brian; Nieto, Gloria Ramirez; Perez, Daniel R (2010) Characterization of influenza virus sialic acid receptors in minor poultry species. Virol J 7:365
Ramirez-Nieto, Gloria; Shivaprasad, H L; Kim, Chul-Hong et al. (2010) Adaptation of a mallard H5N2 low pathogenicity influenza virus in chickens with prior history of infection with infectious bursal disease virus. Avian Dis 54:513-21
Cardona, C; Slemons, R; Perez, D (2009) The prevention and control of avian influenza: the avian influenza coordinated agriculture project. Poult Sci 88:837-41

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