Type 1 diabetes (T1 D) is a tissue specific autoimmune disease characterized by the T mediated destruction of the insulin producing b cells of the islets of Langerhans. Treatment of diabetes has focused on the use of insulin replacement. However, th is treatment can be difficult to regulate and has many shortcomings. While the surgical techniques for transplanting pancreatic islets is now at hand, problems remain. First and foremost is that fact that even syngeneic grafts are rejected due to the same autoimmune mechanisms that caused the initial islet cell loss. This process must be controlled to promote effective transplant function. This proposal will use two new approaches to remove autoantigen reactive T cells. We will use MHC-tetramer based constructs loaded with self peptides and coupled with the plant toxin, saporin. We will use the toxin coated tetramers to delete self-reactive T cell. This approach will be validated in vitro and them in vivo. We will also adapt a new class of nanoparticles, PRINT (Particle Replication in Non-wetting Templates) to be targeted to specific T cells by MHC coating and to carry Iymphotoxic drugs. The combination of targeting by antibody and drug selectivity will provide a new level of efficiency in targeting to autoimmunity.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
7R01AI052435-07
Application #
7895514
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-IMM-K (02))
Program Officer
Bourcier, Katarzyna
Project Start
2003-09-01
Project End
2012-06-30
Budget Start
2010-07-01
Budget End
2012-06-30
Support Year
7
Fiscal Year
2010
Total Cost
$378,750
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Arizona
Department
Microbiology/Immun/Virology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
806345617
City
Tucson
State
AZ
Country
United States
Zip Code
85721
Whitfield-Larry, Fatima; Young, Ellen F; Talmage, Garrick et al. (2011) HLA-A2-matched peripheral blood mononuclear cells from type 1 diabetic patients, but not nondiabetic donors, transfer insulitis to NOD-scid/ýýc(null)/HLA-A2 transgenic mice concurrent with the expansion of islet-specific CD8+ T cells. Diabetes 60:1726-33
Vincent, Benjamin G; Young, Ellen F; Buntzman, Adam S et al. (2010) Toxin-coupled MHC class I tetramers can specifically ablate autoreactive CD8+ T cells and delay diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice. J Immunol 184:4196-204
Li, Chengwen; Goudy, Kevin; Hirsch, Matt et al. (2009) Cellular immune response to cryptic epitopes during therapeutic gene transfer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106:10770-4
Young, Ellen F; Hess, Paul R; Arnold, Larry W et al. (2009) Islet lymphocyte subsets in male and female NOD mice are qualitatively similar but quantitatively distinct. Autoimmunity 42:678-91
Frelinger, Jeffrey A (2008) Novel epitope begets a novel pathway in type 1 diabetes progression. J Clin Invest 118:3268-71
Wong, Carmen P; Stevens, Rosemary; Long, Brian et al. (2007) Identical beta cell-specific CD8(+) T cell clonotypes typically reside in both peripheral blood lymphocyte and pancreatic islets. J Immunol 178:1388-95
Maile, Robert; Pop, Shannon M; Tisch, Roland et al. (2006) Low-avidity CD8lo T cells induced by incomplete antigen stimulation in vivo regulate naive higher avidity CD8hi T cell responses to the same antigen. Eur J Immunol 36:397-410
Long, Brian; Wong, Carmen P; Wang, Yaming et al. (2006) Lymphopenia-driven CD8(+) T cells are resistant to antigen-induced tolerance in NOD.scid mice. Eur J Immunol 36:2003-12
Wong, Carmen P; Li, Li; Frelinger, Jeffrey A et al. (2006) Early autoimmune destruction of islet grafts is associated with a restricted repertoire of IGRP-specific CD8+ T cells in diabetic nonobese diabetic mice. J Immunol 176:1637-44
Maile, Robert; Siler, Catherine A; Kerry, Samantha E et al. (2005) Peripheral ""CD8 tuning"" dynamically modulates the size and responsiveness of an antigen-specific T cell pool in vivo. J Immunol 174:619-27

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