Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most important cause of severe lower respiratory tract disease in infants and a significant cause of mortality in transplant patients and the elderly. Adequate therapy and vaccines are not currently available. Our preliminary data in a murine model of RSV infection strongly suggests that prostacyclin (PGI2) represents an effective novel therapy for severe RSV-induced illness. Mice that constitutively overexpress PGI 2 synthase are significantly protected against RSV-induced weight loss and mortality, and have reduced viral titers compared to nontransgenic littermates. The objective of this application is to define the mechanism by which PGI2 synthase overexpression confers protection against RSV.
The specific aims are to: 1) Define the immunomodulatory effect of signaling through the PGI2 receptor (known as """"""""IP"""""""") on RSV-induced illness. We hypothesize that PGI 2 signaling through IP will protect against illness caused by RSV. To test this hypothesis, we will use mice in which IP has been knocked-out (IPKO), use mice in which the overexpression ofPGI z synthase can be induced, and use PGI 2 analogs in our in vivo system of RSV infection; 2) Determine the effect ofPGI 2 on antigen presenting cell (APC) differentiation and function. We hypothesize that PGI 2 upregulates APC differentiation and function, enhancing the T cell response to RSV infection. To test this hypothesis, we will define the effect ofPGI 2 synthase overexpression on the quantity and activation of APCs in the lung after RSV infection, and also determine the effect ofa PGI z analog on in vitro APC differentiation; and 3) Determine the contribution ofT lymphocytes to theproteetion conferredbyPGI z synthase overexpressioninRSV-inducedillness. We hypothesize thatthepfincipal mechanism by which PGI 2 synthase overexpressing mice are protected against RSV-induced illness is an effect on lymphocytes. To test this hypothesis, we will define the functional T cell subset and memory response to RSV infection in PGI 2 synthase overexpressing and wild type mice. The proposed studies will define the mechanism by which PGI 2 modulates the immune response to RSV infection and protects against RSV-induced disease.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01AI054660-05
Application #
7227414
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-SSS-F (01))
Program Officer
Cho, David
Project Start
2003-05-01
Project End
2009-04-30
Budget Start
2007-05-01
Budget End
2009-04-30
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2007
Total Cost
$322,145
Indirect Cost
Name
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
004413456
City
Nashville
State
TN
Country
United States
Zip Code
37212
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Stier, Matthew T; Bloodworth, Melissa H; Toki, Shinji et al. (2016) Respiratory syncytial virus infection activates IL-13-producing group 2 innate lymphoid cells through thymic stromal lymphopoietin. J Allergy Clin Immunol 138:814-824.e11
Zhou, Weisong; Goleniewska, Kasia; Zhang, Jian et al. (2014) Cyclooxygenase inhibition abrogates aeroallergen-induced immune tolerance by suppressing prostaglandin I2 receptor signaling. J Allergy Clin Immunol 134:698-705.e5
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Newcomb, Dawn C; Peebles Jr, R Stokes (2009) Bugs and asthma: a different disease? Proc Am Thorac Soc 6:266-71
Moore, Martin L; Chi, Michael H; Luongo, Cindy et al. (2009) A chimeric A2 strain of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) with the fusion protein of RSV strain line 19 exhibits enhanced viral load, mucus, and airway dysfunction. J Virol 83:4185-94
Newcomb, Dawn C; Zhou, Weisong; Moore, Martin L et al. (2009) A functional IL-13 receptor is expressed on polarized murine CD4+ Th17 cells and IL-13 signaling attenuates Th17 cytokine production. J Immunol 182:5317-21
Sheller, James R; Polosukhin, Vasiliy V; Mitchell, Daphne et al. (2009) Nuclear factor kappa B induction in airway epithelium increases lung inflammation in allergen-challenged mice. Exp Lung Res 35:883-95

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