Monkeypox virus and variola virus share about 95% homology, and cause similar diseases in humans. Yet one of the major determinants of orthopoxvirus virulence, the E3L gene, differs significantly between these two closely related viruses. The monkeypox virus homologue of the variola virus (and vaccinia virus) E3L gene, which is an important vaccinia virus innate immune evasion gene, is partially deleted. Since vaccinia virus, when expressing a similarly deleted E3L is attenuated in experimental animals, it is important to understand the role of this variant monkeypox virus innate immune evasion gene in replication and immune evasion of monkeypox virus. The research in this application will characterize the altered genes in monkeypox virus that are compensating for the partial deletion of the monkeypox virus E3L homologue. As such the work described in this application will provide important information on how monkeypox virus causes disease in animals and in humans. Since monkeypox virus is considered to be a re- emerging human public health concern, this research may provide the basis for development of better vaccines for protection against monkeypox virus infection in humans, and for the development of better treatments for people who do become infected with monkeypox virus.

Public Health Relevance

Monkeypox virus has become a re-emerging human public health concern, since the eradication of smallpox led to the decision to halt vaccination that protected humans from monkeypox virus as well as smallpox. The research proposed in this application will investigate how monkeypox virus evades the host immune system, and will likely have direct relevance to decisions on use of anti-poxviral drugs to treat potential human cases of monkeypox.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01AI095394-03
Application #
8653927
Study Section
Virology - B Study Section (VIRB)
Program Officer
Challberg, Mark D
Project Start
2012-05-24
Project End
2017-04-30
Budget Start
2014-05-01
Budget End
2015-04-30
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2014
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Arizona State University-Tempe Campus
Department
Other Health Professions
Type
Organized Research Units
DUNS #
City
Tempe
State
AZ
Country
United States
Zip Code
85287
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