Reaching for objects are a natural and common behavior. The proposed work is based on the unexpected finding in a series of preliminary studies that extremely large Coriolis forces are generated on the arm by the trunk rotation that normally accompanies reaching to laterally placed objects. Contrary to intuition, when we turn and reach for an object, the Coriolis force generated by the torso motion on the extending arm is an order of magnitude greater than the interaction forces generated during simple reaches not involving trunk rotation. This suggests that to understand normal unconstrained reaching it will be critical to understand the forces generated by truncal movements and how they are controlled. We have developed a set of paradigms designed to isolate the contribution of torso rotation to the force profiles associated with natural reaching movements. Our goal is to contribute to the understanding of human movement control by identifying the sensory and motor signals involved in the representation of self-motion used for a) generating anticipatory compensations to maintain movement accuracy despite self-generated Coriolis forces, b) generating on-line compensations, and c) allowing adaptation plasticity for self-generated Coriolis torques.
In Aim 1, we propose to determine the role of vestibular signals in compensations for interaction torques during natural turn and reach movements.
In Aim 2, we will assess the role of vestibular signals in on-line compensations for interaction torques generated by reaching movements during passive rotation.
In Aim 3, we will assess the plasticity of compensation for interaction torques during turn and reach movements. The experimental program will involve kinematic measurements of the arm segments for reaching movements made during both voluntary and passive torso rotation. The associated joint torques will be computed through inverse dynamics modeling. The results will provide a better understanding of the interaction forces associated with natural reaching movements involving simultaneous movements of the whole body and of how they are controlled. We will learn how the nervous system parcels the net force field into a subcomponent mechanically caused by self-rotation and maintains sensory-motor adaptation attuned to this type of load component. The results should have broad significance for normal movement control as well as for disorders of movement control.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01AR048546-03
Application #
6930432
Study Section
Geriatrics and Rehabilitation Medicine (GRM)
Program Officer
Panagis, James S
Project Start
2003-08-01
Project End
2008-07-31
Budget Start
2005-08-01
Budget End
2006-07-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2005
Total Cost
$373,450
Indirect Cost
Name
Brandeis University
Department
Type
Organized Research Units
DUNS #
616845814
City
Waltham
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
02454
Bakshi, Avijit; Ventura, Joel; DiZio, Paul et al. (2014) Adaptation to Coriolis perturbations of voluntary body sway transfers to preprogrammed fall-recovery behavior. J Neurophysiol 111:977-83
Bakshi, Avijit; DiZio, Paul; Lackner, James R (2014) Statistical analysis of quiet stance sway in 2-D. Exp Brain Res 232:1095-108
Pigeon, Pascale; Dizio, Paul; Lackner, James R (2013) Immediate compensation for variations in self-generated Coriolis torques related to body dynamics and carried objects. J Neurophysiol 110:1370-84
Piovesan, Davide; Pierobon, Alberto; DiZio, Paul et al. (2013) Experimental measure of arm stiffness during single reaching movements with a time-frequency analysis. J Neurophysiol 110:2484-96
Piovesan, Davide; Pierobon, Alberto; DiZio, Paul et al. (2012) Measuring multi-joint stiffness during single movements: numerical validation of a novel time-frequency approach. PLoS One 7:e33086
Piovesan, Davide; Pierobon, Alberto; Dizio, Paul et al. (2011) Comparative analysis of methods for estimating arm segment parameters and joint torques from inverse dynamics. J Biomech Eng 133:031003
Lackner, James R; DiZio, Paul (2010) Audiogravic and oculogravic illusions represent a unified spatial remapping. Exp Brain Res 202:513-8
Piovesan, Davide; DiZio, Paul; Lackner, James R (2009) A new time-frequency approach to estimate single joint upper limb impedance. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2009:1282-5
Lackner, James R; DiZio, Paul (2009) Control and calibration of multi-segment reaching movements. Adv Exp Med Biol 629:681-98
Bortolami, Simone B; Pigeon, Pascale; Dizio, Paul et al. (2008) Dynamics model for analyzing reaching movements during active and passive torso rotation. Exp Brain Res 187:525-34

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