ADAMTS proteases have important functions such as processing of procollagen (ADAMTS-2, -3 and -14), large aggregating proteoglycans (ADAMTS-4, -5, -1), and von Willebrand factor (ADAMTS-13), with corresponding roles in disorders such as dermatosparaxis, arthritis, brain tumor invasion and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. However, the biological function of most ADAMTS proteases is not known. ADAMTS-9 and ADAMTS-20, two enzymes we have discovered, are the largest of all ADAMTS enzymes. They have a unique domain structure similar to that of the C.elegans GON-1 enzyme that is essential for cell migration during gonadal morphogenesis. ADAMTS-20 is now known to have a role in neural crest cell migration, but the function of ADAMTS-9 is not known. Preliminary studies show that ADAMTS-9 has a unique temporal and spatial expression pattern in mesoderm and its derivatives during mouse development. We have found that this is the first family member to be localized to the cell surface, although it does not have a transmembrane domain. Furthermore, ADAMTS-9 transfected cells can cut a similar site in cartilage aggrecan as ADAMTS-4, suggesting that ADAMTS-9 is a cell surface aggrecanase. We report that ADAMTS-9 is present in rheumatoid synovium. These findings lead to the hypothesis that proteolysis of aggrecan, and related proteoglycans such as versican and brevican, by ADAMTS-9 is crucial to completion of normal development, as well as to diseases such as arthritis. The ancillary domains of ADAMTS-9 may play a substantial role in substrate recognition and targeting to the cell surface.
The Specific Aims are to determine the physiological function of ADAMTS-9, characterize its activity against aggrecan and other substrates, and to determine the basis for such activity and for cell surface localization. In doing so, we anticipate comparing ADAMTS-9 to ADAMTS-20, as well as other relevant ADAMTS enzymes.
These aims will be addressed by generation of ADAMTS-9 null mice, structure-function analysis, and analysis of potential substrates biochemically and in situ. The significance of these studies lies in improved fundamental understanding of proteolysis during development and human disease, especially arthritis. ? ?

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01AR049930-03
Application #
6881641
Study Section
Orthopedics and Musculoskeletal Study Section (ORTH)
Program Officer
Tyree, Bernadette
Project Start
2003-04-01
Project End
2008-03-31
Budget Start
2005-04-01
Budget End
2006-03-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2005
Total Cost
$371,025
Indirect Cost
Name
Cleveland Clinic Lerner
Department
Other Basic Sciences
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
135781701
City
Cleveland
State
OH
Country
United States
Zip Code
44195
Benz, Brian A; Nandadasa, Sumeda; Takeuchi, Megumi et al. (2016) Genetic and biochemical evidence that gastrulation defects in Pofut2 mutants result from defects in ADAMTS9 secretion. Dev Biol 416:111-122
Wylie, James D; Ho, Jason C; Singh, Shweta et al. (2012) Adamts5 (aggrecanase-2) is widely expressed in the mouse musculoskeletal system and is induced in specific regions of knee joint explants by inflammatory cytokines. J Orthop Res 30:226-33
Dupuis, Loren E; McCulloch, Daniel R; McGarity, Jessica D et al. (2011) Altered versican cleavage in ADAMTS5 deficient mice; a novel etiology of myxomatous valve disease. Dev Biol 357:152-64
Kern, Christine B; Wessels, Andy; McGarity, Jessica et al. (2010) Reduced versican cleavage due to Adamts9 haploinsufficiency is associated with cardiac and aortic anomalies. Matrix Biol 29:304-16
Koo, Bon-Hun; Coe, David M; Dixon, Laura J et al. (2010) ADAMTS9 is a cell-autonomously acting, anti-angiogenic metalloprotease expressed by microvascular endothelial cells. Am J Pathol 176:1494-504
Enomoto, Hiroyuki; Nelson, Courtney M; Somerville, Robert P T et al. (2010) Cooperation of two ADAMTS metalloproteases in closure of the mouse palate identifies a requirement for versican proteolysis in regulating palatal mesenchyme proliferation. Development 137:4029-38
McCulloch, D R; Wylie, J D; Longpre, J-M et al. (2010) 10mM glucosamine prevents activation of proADAMTS5 (aggrecanase-2) in transfected cells by interference with post-translational modification of furin. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 18:455-63
Koo, Bon-Hun; Apte, Suneel S (2010) Cell-surface processing of the metalloprotease pro-ADAMTS9 is influenced by the chaperone GRP94/gp96. J Biol Chem 285:197-205
Lo, Paulisally Hau Yi; Lung, Hong Lok; Cheung, Arthur Kwok Leung et al. (2010) Extracellular protease ADAMTS9 suppresses esophageal and nasopharyngeal carcinoma tumor formation by inhibiting angiogenesis. Cancer Res 70:5567-76
Longpré, Jean-Michel; McCulloch, Daniel R; Koo, Bon-Hun et al. (2009) Characterization of proADAMTS5 processing by proprotein convertases. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 41:1116-26

Showing the most recent 10 out of 29 publications