New powerful drugs for treatment and prevention of osteoporosis are already available or are currently under development. The primary endpoint for these studies continues to be fracture incidence, the secondary endpoint typically is bone mineral density (BMD), both of which are fraught with problems. The former requires a very large number of study subjects as fractures are relatively rare events and require long observation periods, therefore resulting in excessive costs and long development cycles. BMD has been an unreliable indicator of treatment efficacy showing often disproportionately small increases relative to the extent of fracture reduction caused by the drug, in contrast to the much larger architectural changes that occur in the trabecular bone (TB) network. Progress in 3D high-resolution MRI (?-MRI) now allows acquisition of images from which the topology of the TB network can be established. Nevertheless, in spite of these advances, structure plays only a surrogate role and it is not known which parameters and combinations thereof are optimal in terms of responding to treatment, and which are most representative of strength. Advances in micromechanical modeling now permit micro finite-element (?-FE) computations of TB mechanical competence, potentially providing insight into the mechanical implications of disease progression and regression. We have, in preliminary work, examined the feasibility of quantifying the effect of antiresorptive treatment in a small cohort of patients and demonstrated significant improvement in the elastic moduli after computing the full stiffness matrix on the basis of MR images acquired in the distal tibia. While encouraging, the feasibility of deriving mechanical parameters from in vivo images as possible end points in clinical trials demands further scrutiny. In this project we advance the hypothesis that the treatment-induced changes in the bone's mechanical parameters, estimated from ?-FE calculations on the basis of in vivo ?-MRI, represent a quantitative measure of treatment response. The proposed research, involving four specific aims, seeks to (1) further develop algorithms for processing in vivo ?-MRI data with improved motion correction and serial registration capabilities; (2) evaluate the effect of resolution and noise on the derived mechanical indices in images of intact specimen under conditions of in vivo ?-MRI as well as by simulation previously or currently in progress to determine the effect of treatment and comparing the mechanical with of specimen ?-CT images; (4) apply ?-FE analysis to three longitudinal ?-MRI studies performed structural indices. ? ? ?

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
1R01AR055647-01
Application #
7353624
Study Section
Biomedical Imaging Technology Study Section (BMIT)
Program Officer
Lester, Gayle E
Project Start
2007-09-07
Project End
2011-08-31
Budget Start
2007-09-07
Budget End
2008-08-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2007
Total Cost
$332,502
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Pennsylvania
Department
Radiation-Diagnostic/Oncology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
042250712
City
Philadelphia
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
19104
Rajapakse, Chamith S; Leonard, Mary B; Kobe, Elizabeth A et al. (2017) The Efficacy of Low-intensity Vibration to Improve Bone Health in Patients with End-stage Renal Disease Is Highly Dependent on Compliance and Muscle Response. Acad Radiol 24:1332-1342
Zhang, Ning; Magland, Jeremy F; Song, Hee Kwon et al. (2015) Registration-based autofocusing technique for automatic correction of motion artifacts in time-series studies of high-resolution bone MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 41:954-63
Al Mukaddam, Mona; Rajapakse, Chamith S; Bhagat, Yusuf A et al. (2014) Effects of testosterone and growth hormone on the structural and mechanical properties of bone by micro-MRI in the distal tibia of men with hypopituitarism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 99:1236-44
Zhang, Ning; Magland, Jeremy F; Rajapakse, Chamith S et al. (2013) Assessment of trabecular bone yield and post-yield behavior from high-resolution MRI-based nonlinear finite element analysis at the distal radius of premenopausal and postmenopausal women susceptible to osteoporosis. Acad Radiol 20:1584-91
Zhang, Ning; Magland, Jeremy F; Rajapakse, Chamith S et al. (2013) Potential of in vivo MRI-based nonlinear finite-element analysis for the assessment of trabecular bone post-yield properties. Med Phys 40:052303
Rajapakse, Chamith S; Leonard, Mary B; Bhagat, Yusuf A et al. (2012) Micro-MR imaging-based computational biomechanics demonstrates reduction in cortical and trabecular bone strength after renal transplantation. Radiology 262:912-20
Wald, Michael J; Magland, Jeremy F; Rajapakse, Chamith S et al. (2012) Predicting trabecular bone elastic properties from measures of bone volume fraction and fabric on the basis of micromagnetic resonance images. Magn Reson Med 68:463-73
Magland, Jeremy F; Zhang, Ning; Rajapakse, Chamith S et al. (2012) Computationally-optimized bone mechanical modeling from high-resolution structural images. PLoS One 7:e35525
Wehrli, Felix W; Rajapakse, Chamith S; Magland, Jeremy F et al. (2010) Mechanical implications of estrogen supplementation in early postmenopausal women. J Bone Miner Res 25:1406-14
Liu, X Sherry; Cohen, Adi; Shane, Elizabeth et al. (2010) Individual trabeculae segmentation (ITS)-based morphological analysis of high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography images detects abnormal trabecular plate and rod microarchitecture in premenopausal women with idiopathic osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Res 25:1496-505

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