The purpose of this work is to produce clinically realistic phantoms for testing the diagnostic effectiveness of two leading types of nonionizing breast imaging, viz, ultrasound and MRI. One class of phantoms will assess contrast-resolution using clump-like simulated lesions. The other class will consist of anthropomorphic phantoms containing realistic simulated tumors and image degrading fatty regions. Development of realism of normal tissues and lesions will be pursued in three ways: 1) assessment and feedback from clinical researchers; 2) continued determination of ultrasound and NMR properties of normal breast parenchymae; 3) determination of small scale structure of in vitro tumors and measurement of ultrasound and NMR properties of tumor sections, including small relatively uniform subsections. Values of the properties of normal and abnormal tissues appearing in the literature will also guide us. In addition to tangible phantom development, determination of the distribution of ultrasound properties in tumors will be used in computer modeling to gain insight into image features corresponding to specific types of tumors. MR breast imaging is still in its early stages of development, and realistic phantoms and needed. Our recent success in the development of NMR tissue-mimicking (TM) materials possessing long term stability and suitability for producing clinically realistic phantoms leads us to place special emphasis on MRI phanton development. Skills acquired over many years of producing realistic ultrasound phantoms can be transferred directly to the production of MRI phantoms because the same basic materials are used. Phantoms resulting from our work will be made available to researchers on the frontiers of imaging development, either through loaning phantoms from our lab or by production of them at cost of manufacture. Commercial versions may also be feasible. Availability of these phantoms will reduce the extent of the need for patient trials of new imaging techniques.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
2R01CA025634-09
Application #
3166954
Study Section
Diagnostic Radiology Study Section (RNM)
Project Start
1979-04-01
Project End
1991-03-31
Budget Start
1988-04-01
Budget End
1989-03-31
Support Year
9
Fiscal Year
1988
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Wisconsin Madison
Department
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
161202122
City
Madison
State
WI
Country
United States
Zip Code
53715
Madsen, E L; Zagzebski, J A; Medina, I R et al. (1994) Performance testing of transrectal US scanners. Radiology 190:77-80
Chen, J F; Madsen, E L; Zagzebski, J A (1994) A method for determination of frequency-dependent effective scatterer number density. J Acoust Soc Am 95:77-85
Macdonald, M C; Madsen, E L (1992) Method for determining the SATA and SAPA intensities for real-time ultrasonographic scanning modes. J Ultrasound Med 11:11-23
Wu, E X; Goodsitt, M M; Madsen, E L (1992) Microscopic mechanism of attenuation of compressional ultrasonic waves in tissue-mimicking phantom materials. Ultrason Imaging 14:121-33
Boote, E J; Zagzebski, J A; Madsen, E L (1992) Backscatter coefficient imaging using a clinical scanner. Med Phys 19:1145-52
Madsen, E L; Blechinger, J C; Frank, G R (1991) Low-contrast focal lesion detectability phantom for 1H MR imaging. Med Phys 18:549-54
Yao, L X; Zagzebski, J A; Madsen, E L (1991) Statistical uncertainty in ultrasonic backscatter and attenuation coefficients determined with a reference phantom. Ultrasound Med Biol 17:187-94
Madsen, E L; Zagzebski, J A; Macdonald, M C et al. (1991) Ultrasound focal lesion detectability phantoms. Med Phys 18:1171-80
Yang, J N; Murphy, A D; Madsen, E L et al. (1991) A method for in vitro mapping of ultrasonic speed and density in breast tissue. Ultrason Imaging 13:91-109
Boote, E J; Hall, T J; Madsen, E L et al. (1991) Improved resolution backscatter coefficient imaging. Ultrason Imaging 13:347-59

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