With the appropriate metabolic tracers positron emission tomography (PET) is able to measure tumor proliferation, potentially providing critical information about treatment response. While [C-11]thymidine can be employed in this task, its routine use is complicated by its short half-life and rapid in vivo catabolism. To overcome these difficulties this proposal will focus on [F-18]FLT (3'-deoxy-3'-fluorothymidine), which has been demonstrated to provide high quality images of tumors and proliferating tissues. FLT undergoes little degradation and employs F-18, a longer lived tracer. FLT is trapped in rapidly growing tumors by phosphorylation by thymidine kinase 1 (TK), an enzyme which increases about 10 fold as the cell enters the DNA synthetic phase. This proposal seeks to further simplify the use of FLT, better understand the variables that lead to its retention, and use it to measure response to therapy.
The specific aims i nclude: 1) To improve the use of FLT through a more rapid, automated synthesis. To assist in imaging tumors in the liver, where FLT is trapped by glucuronidation, further studies will be done to block uptake using probenecid. 2) Imaging with FLT of different tumor types as well as inflammatory lesions will be studied to explore the range of conditions where it will be useful. 3) To more fully understand the factors contributing to images of FLT, different quantitative approaches will be studied including kinetic modeling. These results will be compared to measurements of TK and other markers of tumor metabolism made on biopsy specimens. 4) Finally, the most important test of FLT will involve demonstrating its use as an early measure of tumor response to therapy in patients undergoing both standard cytotoxic therapy as well as new cytostatic treatments that are designed to delay tumor growth. These new cytostatic drugs, such as tyrosine kinase and angiogenesis inhibitors, an are difficult to assess using conventional anatomic imaging, since tumor shrinkage is not expected. Metabolic imaging may provide the only feasible way to determine if such agents are efficacious short of large phase III trials. It is particularly hard to determine the optimum dose and schedule of such drugs without an intermediate marker of response. These studies will test the hypothesis that PET imaging of proliferation will provide the best way to asses such agents. In summary, previous work in our laboratory has developed a novel and relatively straightforward way to image tumor proliferation. This proposal seeks to further understand the best way to quantitate, interpret, and clinically test this approach to measure treatment response.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01CA039566-18
Application #
6632847
Study Section
Diagnostic Radiology Study Section (RNM)
Program Officer
Menkens, Anne E
Project Start
1988-01-01
Project End
2004-03-31
Budget Start
2003-04-01
Budget End
2004-03-31
Support Year
18
Fiscal Year
2003
Total Cost
$277,470
Indirect Cost
Name
Wayne State University
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
001962224
City
Detroit
State
MI
Country
United States
Zip Code
48202
Shields, Anthony F (2012) PET imaging of tumor growth: not as easy as it looks. Clin Cancer Res 18:1189-91
Nimmagadda, Sridhar; Mangner, Thomas J; Lawhorn-Crews, Jawana M et al. (2009) Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase imaging in mice with (1-(2'-deoxy-2'-[18F]fluoro-1-?-D-arabinofuranosyl)-5-iodouracil) and metabolite (1-(2'-deoxy-2'-[18F]fluoro-1-?-D-arabinofuranosyl)-5-uracil). Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 36:1987-93
Nimmagadda, Sridhar; Shields, Anthony F (2008) The role of DNA synthesis imaging in cancer in the era of targeted therapeutics. Cancer Metastasis Rev 27:575-87
Shields, Anthony F; Lawhorn-Crews, Jawana M; Briston, David A et al. (2008) Analysis and reproducibility of 3'-Deoxy-3'-[18F]fluorothymidine positron emission tomography imaging in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res 14:4463-8
Tehrani, Omid S; Douglas, Kirk A; Lawhorn-Crews, Jawana M et al. (2008) Tracking cellular stress with labeled FMAU reflects changes in mitochondrial TK2. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 35:1480-8
Sun, Haihao; Collins, Jerry M; Mangner, Thomas J et al. (2006) Imaging the pharmacokinetics of [F-18]FAU in patients with tumors: PET studies. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 57:343-8
Mankoff, David A; Shields, Anthony F; Krohn, Kenneth A (2005) PET imaging of cellular proliferation. Radiol Clin North Am 43:153-67
Shields, Anthony F; Briston, David A; Chandupatla, Samatha et al. (2005) A simplified analysis of [18F]3'-deoxy-3'-fluorothymidine metabolism and retention. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 32:1269-75
Grierson, J R; Shields, A F (2000) Radiosynthesis of 3'-deoxy-3'-[(18)F]fluorothymidine: [(18)F]FLT for imaging of cellular proliferation in vivo. Nucl Med Biol 27:143-56
Shields, A F; Ho, P T; Grierson, J R (1999) The role of imaging in the development of oncologic agents. J Clin Pharmacol Suppl:40S-44S

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