Diesel exhaust particles are highly respirable with mutagenic and carcinogenic compounds adsorbed on their surface. Based on results from laboratory studies in rats and limited evidence in humans, the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified diesel exhaust as a probable human carcinogen in 1989. However, the interpretation of past epidemiologic studies has been limited due to lack of direct measures of diesel exposure and insufficient years of follow-up. We have identified a unique national cohort of 55,750 long-term trucking company workers employed in 1985. We propose to conduct an extensive exposure assessment and assess the association of exposure to diesel exhaust with lung cancer mortality through 2000. The US trucking fleet has included diesel vehicles since the early 1950s. Therefore, there are trucking company workers with long duration of exposure and at least 20 years since first exposure. We will use the results from the exposure assessment, along with external databases of pollution and truck registrations, to develop a prediction model for diesel exhaust exposure and form categorical groupings of exposure levels. The model will include factors that are readily available in company personnel records such as job title and terminal characteristics so that exposure levels can be linked to the individual employees. We will assess ever-exposure, cumulative and duration of exposure. We will use the results from a questionnaire mailed to all current workers to control for potential confounding by smoking. In this retrospective follow-up, we will have 80 percent power to detect a relative risk of 1.25. This large cohort provides a unique opportunity to detect (or refute) suggested carcinogenic effects of diesel exhaust based on animal toxicology and limited epidemiologic studies. Furthermore, since the range of exposure in these workers includes levels similar to the general population, the findings will be relevant to understanding general population risk of lung cancer from diesel emissions and other fine particulate air pollution.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01CA090792-05
Application #
6868115
Study Section
Epidemiology and Disease Control Subcommittee 2 (EDC)
Program Officer
Starks, Vaurice
Project Start
2001-04-01
Project End
2008-03-31
Budget Start
2005-04-01
Budget End
2008-03-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2005
Total Cost
$740,959
Indirect Cost
Name
Brigham and Women's Hospital
Department
Type
DUNS #
030811269
City
Boston
State
MA
Country
United States
Zip Code
02115
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Laden, Francine; Chiu, Yueh-Hsiu; Garshick, Eric et al. (2013) A cross-sectional study of secondhand smoke exposure and respiratory symptoms in non-current smokers in the U.S. trucking industry: SHS exposure and respiratory symptoms. BMC Public Health 13:93
Hart, Jaime E; Garshick, Eric; Smith, Thomas J et al. (2013) Ischaemic heart disease mortality and years of work in trucking industry workers. Occup Environ Med 70:523-8
Davis, Mary E (2012) Structural equation models in occupational health: an application to exposure modelling. Occup Environ Med 69:184-90
Garshick, Eric; Laden, Francine; Hart, Jaime E et al. (2012) Lung cancer and elemental carbon exposure in trucking industry workers. Environ Health Perspect 120:1301-6
Smith, Thomas J; Davis, Mary E; Hart, Jaime E et al. (2012) Potential air toxics hot spots in truck terminals and cabs. Res Rep Health Eff Inst :5-82
Davis, Mary E; Hart, Jaime E; Laden, Francine et al. (2011) A retrospective assessment of occupational exposure to elemental carbon in the U.S. trucking industry. Environ Health Perspect 119:997-1002
Zhu, Ying; Smith, Thomas J; Davis, Mary E et al. (2011) Comparing gravimetric and real-time sampling of PM(2.5) concentrations inside truck cabins. J Occup Environ Hyg 8:662-72
Hart, Jaime E; Garshick, Eric; Dockery, Douglas W et al. (2011) Long-term ambient multipollutant exposures and mortality. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 183:73-8
Chiu, Yueh-Hsiu; Hart, Jaime E; Spiegelman, Donna et al. (2010) Workplace secondhand smoke exposure in the U.S. trucking industry. Environ Health Perspect 118:216-21

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