Transplanted hematopoietic stem cells are a promising vehicle for treatment of disease. Recently, cell fusion between bone marrow-derived cells (BMDC) and extra-hematopoietic cells has been demonstrated in both tissue regeneration and tumorigenesis, although the physiologic fate of these cells has not been determined. Our long-range research goal is to understand the role of BMDC fusion in tissue regeneration and tumorigenesis. This application is designed to characterize donor and host contributions to fusion between BMDCs and intestinal tumor epithelium, and to determine if cell fusion plays a direct role in tumor progression. Based upon the observation that myeloid progenitor cells fuse with differentiated hepatocytes, we will identify the discrete subset of BMDCs that is competent to fuse with intestinal epithelium. Next, we will define components of the host environment that synergistically act to optimize fusion between the two cell types. Finally, we will evaluate the impact of BMDC/epithelial cell fusion in promoting tumor growth and metastasis. To this end, we will use BMDC transplantation into wild-type, tumor-bearing and genetically modified mouse strains, plus a combination of FACS, cytogenetics, and whole mount or tissue immunohistochemical analyses. Despite numerous advances in the treatment of colorectal cancer, it remains the second leading cause of cancer related deaths in the United States. This indicates that better therapeutic approaches and a greater understanding of tumorigenesis are needed. The use of stem cells or BMDCs as a therapeutic approach for treating genetic, malignant, and degenerative diseases is promising. Whether cell fusion can be used as a therapeutic delivery vehicle or whether cell fusion results in genetically instable hybrids capable of promoting tumorigenesis is unknown. Therefore determining a role for cell fusion in tumorigenesis is clearly an important first step in determining if a therapeutic approach designed to prevent (or enhance) cell fusion could be used to modulate tumorigenesis. It is feasible that fusion promoting factors, or the fusion products themselves, may be useful targets for preventing tumor progression.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01CA118235-04
Application #
7623204
Study Section
Tumor Microenvironment Study Section (TME)
Program Officer
Mohla, Suresh
Project Start
2006-07-01
Project End
2011-05-30
Budget Start
2009-06-01
Budget End
2010-05-31
Support Year
4
Fiscal Year
2009
Total Cost
$316,243
Indirect Cost
Name
Oregon Health and Science University
Department
Dermatology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
096997515
City
Portland
State
OR
Country
United States
Zip Code
97239
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Roh-Johnson, Minna; Shah, Arish N; Stonick, Jason A et al. (2017) Macrophage-Dependent Cytoplasmic Transfer during Melanoma Invasion In Vivo. Dev Cell 43:549-562.e6
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Silk, Alain D; Gast, Charles E; Davies, Paige S et al. (2013) Fusion between hematopoietic and epithelial cells in adult human intestine. PLoS One 8:e55572
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Levin, Trevor G; Powell, Anne E; Davies, Paige S et al. (2010) Characterization of the intestinal cancer stem cell marker CD166 in the human and mouse gastrointestinal tract. Gastroenterology 139:2072-2082.e5
Powell, Anne E; Shung, Chia-Yi; Saylor, Katherine W et al. (2010) Lessons from development: A role for asymmetric stem cell division in cancer. Stem Cell Res 4:3-9
Davies, Paige S; Powell, Anne E; Swain, John R et al. (2009) Inflammation and proliferation act together to mediate intestinal cell fusion. PLoS One 4:e6530

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