A restricted receptor (R) for interleukin 13 (IL13) was found in a vast majority of high-grade gliomas (HGG) patients. The HGG-associated receptor for IL13 was identified molecularly to be the IL13Ra2, and it belongs to a family of tumor antigens, termed cancer/testis tumor antigens (CTA). CTA provide high specificity for molecular targeting/recognition of cancer. Furthermore, IL13-based bacterial toxin, Pseudomonas exotoxin A (PE)-containing recombinant cytotoxins were documented to be the potent anti-glioma agents in pre- clinical evaluation, and the first generation of these cytotoxins is in Phase III clinical trials. The structure- function relationship analysis of IL13 and its recently revealed solution structure documented that alpha-helix D appears to play pivotal role in the binding of IL13to its HGG-associated receptor. It is proposed to generate novel highly specific and highly efficacious IL13-based cytotoxins that will incorporate (i) new knowledge on IL13 structure-function relationship, (ii) new information on glioma cell biology, and (iii) previous experience with the use of cytotoxins in a clinical setting. Thus, these new cytotoxins will be composed of genetically engineered forms of IL13and a derivative of another bacterial toxin, Diphtheria toxin, DT390. The principal idea behind the design of these cytotoxins is to produce novel cytotoxins that allow the binding region of IL13, the D-helix, to be freely available to the HGG-associated receptor forIL13 and to eliminate the site on the cytokine that interacts with its normal physiological receptor that is expressed in many vital organs, including the central nervous system. IL13will be engineered to have the DT toxin moiety remote form its binding site to the IL13R
| Debinski, Waldemar; Tatter, Stephen B (2010) Convection-enhanced delivery to achieve widespread distribution of viral vectors: Predicting clinical implementation. Curr Opin Mol Ther 12:647-53 |
| Liu, Tie Fu; Cai, Jiaozhong; Gibo, Denise M et al. (2009) Reoxygenation of hypoxic glioblastoma multiforme cells potentiates the killing effect of an interleukin-13-based cytotoxin. Clin Cancer Res 15:160-8 |
