In the USA, prostate cancer (PC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in men;aging is a major risk factor and African Americans (AA) are at a higher risk than white Americans (WA). The American Cancer Society estimates that 1 in 9,879 (0-39 year-old), 1 in 39 (40-59 year-old), and 1 in 7 (60-79 year-old) will be diagnosed with invasive PC. Older people develop trace element deficiencies (e.g., selenium);recently, we showed that older rats also develop selenium deficiency. Selenium deficiency increases the risk of oxidative stress and cancer. Selenium-enriched yeast (SY) supplementation has been shown to protect against prostate cancer in humans;however, the dose and the form of selenium as a function of age, as well as the mechanism of action, remain to be elucidated. In a pilot study, we showed that SY (240 5g/day for 9 months) inhibits oxidative stress, reduces PSA levels in healthy men <40 years of age. We report for the first time that SY also inhibited 1-1 antitrypsin (ATT);this protein has been reported to be over expressed in PC patients and its levels are positively correlated with PSA levels and are higher in AA than WA. Our hypothesis is that selenium dose must be tailored as a function of age to be effective in inhibiting oxidative stress and other markers of risk in different age groups and such inhibition is, in part, due to selenium interaction with redox-sensitive proteins including ATT that may be involved in cell proliferation and/or apoptosis. To test our hypothesis, we will conduct a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of selenium supplementation in the form of selenomethionine (SM=200 5g/day) and SY (240 5g/day and 350 5g/day the higher dose will deliver 200 5g/day of SM;(the variability of SM in SY [SelenoExcell, Cypress Co., Fresno, CA] is less than 3%) for 9 months to healthy AA and WA men in various age groups (25 men/group): Young (20-39 year old), Matured (40-59 year old), and Old (60-79 year old) adults. SM is currently being used in a major clinical trial in the USA (SELECT) and SY is employed in the trial in Europe (PRECISE);the results will be known in 2013 and beyond. Specifically, we will determine the effect of selenium supplementation on: 1. plasma (compliance) and urinary (bioavailability) selenium levels and form, 2. biomarkers of risk PSA levels and testosterone metabolism, 3. biomarkers of oxidative stress blood glutathione (GSH) and protein bound GSH (bGSH), urinary 8-hydroxy- 22-deoxyguanosine levels, urinary and plasma F2-isoprostane levels, and plasma 3-nitrotyrosine levels, and 4. plasma proteomic profiles of redox-sensitive proteins (e.g., ATT). The results will provide insights into the form and dose that may contribute to the protective effect of selenium as a function of age. This study involves both basic scientists, a urologist and a clinical oncologist in the area of PC and the results will provide novel biomarkers that can be used in the current and future selenium intervention trials.

Public Health Relevance

In the USA, prostate cancer (PC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in men;aging is a major risk factor and African Americans are at a higher risk than white Americans. Selenium has been shown to protect against PC in humans;however, the dose and the form of selenium as a function of age, as well as the mechanism of action, remain to be elucidated. The results of these studies are vital for the further development and appropriate tailoring of selenium agents (form and dose) as a function of age for the purpose of a more effective chemoprevention program. Furthermore, this study will provide novel biomarkers that can be used for early detection of this disease and in the major clinical selenium intervention trials that are currently being conducted in the world, including SELECT in the USA. Collectively, studies proposed here are essential to the control and prevention of PC in men.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01CA127729-03
Application #
7878646
Study Section
Chemo/Dietary Prevention Study Section (CDP)
Program Officer
Parnes, Howard L
Project Start
2008-07-17
Project End
2013-05-31
Budget Start
2010-06-01
Budget End
2011-05-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2010
Total Cost
$436,075
Indirect Cost
Name
Pennsylvania State University
Department
Biochemistry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
129348186
City
Hershey
State
PA
Country
United States
Zip Code
17033
Richie Jr, John P; Das, Arun; Calcagnotto, Ana M et al. (2014) Comparative effects of two different forms of selenium on oxidative stress biomarkers in healthy men: a randomized clinical trial. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 7:796-804
Das, Arunangshu; Bortner Jr, James D; Aliaga, Cesar A et al. (2013) Changes in proteomic profiles in different prostate lobes of male rats throughout growth and development and aging stages of the life span. Prostate 73:363-75
El-Bayoumy, Karam; Das, Arunangshu; Russell, Stephen et al. (2012) The effect of selenium enrichment on baker's yeast proteome. J Proteomics 75:1018-30
Richie Jr, John P; Das, Arunangshu; Calcagnotto, Ana M et al. (2012) Age related changes in selenium and glutathione levels in different lobes of the rat prostate. Exp Gerontol 47:223-8
Facompre, Nicole D; Sinha, Indu; El-Bayoumy, Karam et al. (2012) Remarkable inhibition of mTOR signaling by the combination of rapamycin and 1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)selenocyanate in human prostate cancer cells. Int J Cancer 131:2134-42
Richie Jr, John P; Muscat, Joshua E; Ellison, Irina et al. (2011) Association of selenium status and blood glutathione concentrations in blacks and whites. Nutr Cancer 63:367-75
Sinha, Raghu; Sinha, Indu; Facompre, Nicole et al. (2010) Selenium-responsive proteins in the sera of selenium-enriched yeast-supplemented healthy African American and Caucasian men. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 19:2332-40
Facompre, Nicole D; El-Bayoumy, Karam; Sun, Yuan-Wan et al. (2010) 1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)selenocyanate, but not selenomethionine, inhibits androgen receptor and Akt signaling in human prostate cancer cells. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 3:975-84
Boyiri, Telih; Somiari, Richard I; Russell, Stephen et al. (2009) Proteomics of rat prostate lobes treated with 2-N-hydroxylamino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine, 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone, individually and in combination. Int J Oncol 35:559-67
Facompre, Nicole; El-Bayoumy, Karam (2009) Potential stages for prostate cancer prevention with selenium: implications for cancer survivors. Cancer Res 69:2699-703

Showing the most recent 10 out of 11 publications