We have demonstrated that the chemoprotective effect of fish oil (induction of apoptosis, suppression of both cell proliferation and colon tumor formation) is enhanced when a highly fermentable fiber (pectin), capable of elevating lumenal butyrate levels, is added to the diet. From a mechanistic standpoint, butyrate is a Histone Deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) known to alter chromatin structure. This is noteworthy, because global changes in chromatin structure, i.e., epigenetic landscape, are a hallmark of cancer. Since transformation of adult stem cells is an extremely efficient route towards initiating intestinal cancer, an overall goal of this proposal is to use novel Lgr5-LacZ and Lgr5-EGFP-IRES-cre knockin mouse models to examine the potential of combined dietary fish oil and pectin treatment to modulate adult intestinal stem cell- specific targeted apoptosis, changes in chromatin structure and non-coding RNA/gene expression profiles. This goal is supported by our recent observation that combined fish oil and pectin treatment modulates a subset of non-coding microRNAs and their target genes (mRNAs) implicated in the regulation of the colon stem cell niche and tumor evolution.
Aim 1 will quantify the number and spatio-temporal location of stem cells, DNA damage and targeted apoptosis in the colonic crypt at the initiation and tumor stages of colon carcinogenesis following exposure to chemoprotective diets containing fish oil and pectin. We have hypothesized that dietary fish oil and pectin combination modulates stem cell DNA damage by enhancing targeted apoptosis, in part, by suppressing regulators of stem cell self-renewal.
Aim 2 will compare high- resolution """"""""chromatin-state"""""""" maps for the promoters of genes that respond to fish oil/pectin/carcinogen co- treatment in mouse colonic stem cells. We have hypothesized that fish oil modulates butyrate-induced chromatin dynamics/plasticity in the colon.
Aim 3 will further characterize stem cell non-coding microRNAs (and their targets), known to be modulated by fish oil/pectin/carcinogen co-treatment, in HCT116 human colon cancer cells and a mouse """"""""organoid"""""""" stem cell model. We have hypothesized that fish oil and pectin combination uniquely suppresses growth of colonocytes/crypts by antagonizing the expression of genes which regulate stem cell signaling. The proposed experiments are highly novel and relevant because the impact of colorectal cancer chemoprevention agents on adult intestinal stem cell biology has not been determined.

Public Health Relevance

We have demonstrated that the bioactive components generated by fish oil (n-3 PUFA) and fermentable fiber (butyrate) act coordinately to protect against colon cancer. The proposed studies will determine the """"""""epigenetic therapeutic"""""""" potential of combined fish oil and pectin treatment on intestinal stem cel targeted deletion and chromatin plasticity/dynamics.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
2R01CA129444-05A1
Application #
8297832
Study Section
Chemo/Dietary Prevention Study Section (CDP)
Program Officer
Seifried, Harold E
Project Start
2007-09-18
Project End
2017-03-31
Budget Start
2012-05-01
Budget End
2013-03-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2012
Total Cost
$267,201
Indirect Cost
$82,201
Name
Texas Agrilife Research
Department
Nutrition
Type
Schools of Earth Sciences/Natur
DUNS #
847205713
City
College Station
State
TX
Country
United States
Zip Code
77843
Triff, Karen; McLean, Mathew W; Callaway, Evelyn et al. (2018) Dietary fat and fiber interact to uniquely modify global histone post-translational epigenetic programming in a rat colon cancer progression model. Int J Cancer 143:1402-1415
Knight, Jason M; Ivanov, Ivan; Triff, Karen et al. (2018) Detecting Multivariate Gene Interactions in RNA-Seq Data Using Optimal Bayesian Classification. IEEE/ACM Trans Comput Biol Bioinform 15:484-493
Triff, Karen; McLean, Mathew W; Konganti, Kranti et al. (2017) Assessment of histone tail modifications and transcriptional profiling during colon cancer progression reveals a global decrease in H3K4me3 activity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 1863:1392-1402
Hou, Tim Y; Davidson, Laurie A; Kim, Eunjoo et al. (2016) Nutrient-Gene Interaction in Colon Cancer, from the Membrane to Cellular Physiology. Annu Rev Nutr 36:543-70
Hou, Tim Y; McMurray, David N; Chapkin, Robert S (2016) Omega-3 fatty acids, lipid rafts, and T cell signaling. Eur J Pharmacol 785:2-9
Fan, Yang-Yi; Davidson, Laurie A; Chapkin, Robert S (2016) Murine Colonic Organoid Culture System and Downstream Assay Applications. Methods Mol Biol :
Shah, Manasvi S; Kim, Eunjoo; Davidson, Laurie A et al. (2016) Comparative effects of diet and carcinogen on microRNA expression in the stem cell niche of the mouse colonic crypt. Biochim Biophys Acta 1862:121-34
Hou, Tim Y; Barhoumi, Rola; Fan, Yang-Yi et al. (2016) n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids suppress CD4(+) T cell proliferation by altering phosphatidylinositol-(4,5)-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] organization. Biochim Biophys Acta 1858:85-96
Shah, Manasvi S; Kim, Eunjoo; Davidson, Laurie A et al. (2016) Data describing the effects of dietary bioactive agents on colonic stem cell microRNA and mRNA expression. Data Brief 6:398-404
Kim, Eunjoo; Davidson, Laurie A; Zoh, Roger S et al. (2016) Homeostatic responses of colonic LGR5+ stem cells following acute in vivo exposure to a genotoxic carcinogen. Carcinogenesis 37:206-14

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