Melanoma is the most virulent of all the skin cancers. While often cured by early surgical excision, there is no generally effective method for treating disseminated disease. We propose to sensitize melanoma to cisplatin and cyclophosphamide utilizing a method for selective acidification of melanomas that we have recently developed. The basic strategy is to induce systemic hyperglycemia by i.v. infusion of glucose to maintain a vascular glucose concentration of 26?1 mM (465 mg/dL) to drive lactate production. To maximize tumor lactate production meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG), an inhibitor of site-1 of the on of melanomas that we have recently developed. The basic strategy is to induce systemic hyperglycemia by i.v. infusion of glucose to maintain a vascular glucose concentration of 26?1 mM (465 mg/dL) to drive lactate production. To maximize tumor lactate production meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG), an inhibitor of site-1 of the respiratory electron transport chain, is administered. Lactate is then trapped inside the tumor cells by administration of an inhibitor of the monocarboxylic aective metabolic acidification procedure to clinical translation by eliminating CNCn, which is not FDA approved, or replacing CNCn and with lonidamine, an agent that inhibits the MCT and also blocks oxidative phosphorylation by preventing pyruvate transfer into mitochondria. Lonidamine is widely used in the clinic in Europe, and the FDA has granted INDs for its use in the USA. Once the optimum selective acidification procedure is perfected on the DB1 tumor, we will determine if this method enhances the efficacy of cisplatin and cyclophosphamide against xenografts of this tumor in nude mice.
Aim 2 will utilize histopathology, serum enzyme assays and a variety of functional tests utilizing our expertise in MRS and MRI as well as NIR optical redox scanning to examine the toxicity of these procedures to various critical normal tissues.
Melanoma, the most virulent form of skin cancer, is not responsive to chemotherapy. This project proposes to develop a method to sensitize melanomas to chemotherapy by selectively acidifying the cancer cells while minimally affecting normal cells. The method takes advantage of the fact that cancer cells prefer glucose as their primary source of energy and convert it to lactic acid.
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