We and others have demonstrated that transforming growth factor b (TGFb) acts as a tumor suppressor in colon cancer, and that mutation or loss of TGFb receptors leads to tumor progression. Our preliminary studies indicate that loss of TGFb signaling is associated with increased metastasis. However, the mechanisms of TGFb-mediated suppression of metastasis remain largely unknown. Aberrant cell survival under stress conditions has been implicated in metastasis. We have shown that loss of TGFb signaling confers resistance to growth factor deprivation stress (GFDS)-induced apoptosis as well as anoikis (apoptosis induced by loss of contact with extracellular matrix or through binding to an inappropriate integrin). These novel findings suggest that TGFb tumor suppression involves suppression of survival of pre-malignant and/or early stage tumor cells in response to environmental stress, and that loss of TGFb signaling enables aberrant activation of survival pathways, which would contribute to metastasis. Identification of survival pathways activated by suppression of TGFb signaling will provide novel targets for preventing and/or treating metastatic cancer in patients with dysfunctional TGFb signaling. The objective of this application is to test the central hypothesis that the metastatic phenotype of colon cancer is dependent upon aberrant cell survival conferred by activation of oncogenic pathways resulting from inactivation of TGFb signaling. Ron kinase (recepteur d'origine nantais) is a member of the Met proto-oncogene family. Ron has not been previously linked to TGFb suppression. Our preliminary results show that: 1) TGFb down-regulates Ron expression;2) Ron expression confers stress resistance in colon cancer cells;and 3) Knockdown of Ron kinase reduces metastasis in an orthotopic model of colon cancer. However, the mechanisms by which Ron activation contributes to cell survival and metastasis of colon cancer cells are not well understood. We will determine these mechanisms in this proposal. Integrins are cell-surface receptors that bind to extracellular matrix (ECM) and mediate cell adhesion. We have shown that TGFb signaling negatively mediates integrin a5 expression in colon cancer cells and that ectopic expression of integrin a5 protects cells from stress-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, integrin a5 has been implicated as a survival factor in many cell types. It has been previously shown that integrin a5 expression is associated with tumor progression in colon cancer cells and that increased integrin a5 expression leads to increased tumorigenicity in vivo. We will therefore test the hypothesis that integrin a5 is a determinant of metastasis in colon cancer and determine the underlined mechanisms. Elucidation of the reciprocal relationship among TGFb, Ron and integrin a5 as well as the role of their interplay in cell survival and metastasis will facilitate our understanding of the mechanisms of TGFb tumor suppression and develop novel and efficient therapeutic strategies.

Public Health Relevance

Transforming growth factor b (TGFb) acts as a tumor suppressor in colon cancer, and that mutation or loss of TGFb receptors leads to tumor progression. Using orthotopic implant models of human colon cancer cells in athymic mice, we have shown that loss of TGFb signaling is associated with increased metastasis. The objective of this application is to test the central hypothesis that the metastatic phenotype of colon cancer is dependent upon aberrant cell survival conferred by activation of oncogenic pathways (eg. Ron, integrin, etc) resulting from inactivation of TGFb signaling, which will provide information to develop new strategies for treating colon cancer patients with dysfunctional TGFb signaling.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
1R01CA140988-01A1
Application #
7890098
Study Section
Tumor Progression and Metastasis Study Section (TPM)
Program Officer
Ault, Grace S
Project Start
2010-04-01
Project End
2015-01-31
Budget Start
2010-04-01
Budget End
2011-01-31
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2010
Total Cost
$308,138
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Nebraska Medical Center
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
168559177
City
Omaha
State
NE
Country
United States
Zip Code
68198
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Zhang, Yang; Wang, Jing (2017) MicroRNAs are important regulators of drug resistance in colorectal cancer. Biol Chem 398:929-938
Mertz, T M; Baranovskiy, A G; Wang, J et al. (2017) Nucleotide selectivity defect and mutator phenotype conferred by a colon cancer-associated DNA polymerase ? mutation in human cells. Oncogene 36:4427-4433
Zhang, Yang; Zhang, Yi; Geng, Liying et al. (2016) Transforming Growth Factor ? Mediates Drug Resistance by Regulating the Expression of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 in Colorectal Cancer. J Biol Chem 291:17405-16
Zhang, Yang; Talmon, G; Wang, J (2015) MicroRNA-587 antagonizes 5-FU-induced apoptosis and confers drug resistance by regulating PPP2R1B expression in colorectal cancer. Cell Death Dis 6:e1845
Zhang, Yang; Geng, Liying; Talmon, Geoffrey et al. (2015) MicroRNA-520g confers drug resistance by regulating p21 expression in colorectal cancer. J Biol Chem 290:6215-25
Geng, L; Chaudhuri, A; Talmon, G et al. (2014) MicroRNA-192 suppresses liver metastasis of colon cancer. Oncogene 33:5332-40
Jami, Mohammad-Saeid; Hou, Jinxuan; Liu, Miao et al. (2014) Functional proteomic analysis reveals the involvement of KIAA1199 in breast cancer growth, motility and invasiveness. BMC Cancer 14:194
Zou, Yi; Howell, Gillian M; Humphrey, Lisa E et al. (2013) Ron knockdown and Ron monoclonal antibody IMC-RON8 sensitize pancreatic cancer to histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi). PLoS One 8:e69992
Chowdhury, Sanjib; Ongchin, Melanie; Sharratt, Elizabeth et al. (2013) Intra-tumoral heterogeneity in metastatic potential and survival signaling between iso-clonal HCT116 and HCT116b human colon carcinoma cell lines. PLoS One 8:e60299

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