During their lifetime, one in every eight U.S. women will be diagnosed with breast cancer, with 182,500 newly cases in 2008. Over 57,000 breast reconstruction operations are performed in the U.S. annually. Breast reconstruction can be performed immediately after mastectomy or delayed months to years later. 60% of the reconstructions in the U.S. involve tissue expanders followed by exchange for a permanent implant. Autologous flap breast reconstruction is much less common . There are no randomized trials to determine the comparative effectivess of immediate vs. delayed breast reconstruction. Decisions about the type and timing of reconstruction are based on individual surgeon and patient preference. Breast reconstruction complication rates and outcomes have been reported primarily from small studies, and almost exclusively from single institutions. Comprehensive multicenter studies to determine rates of surgical site infection and other wound complications after immediate vs. delayed reconstruction have not been performed. In single-center studies, surgical site infection rates are signficantly higher after immediate reconstruction compared to mastectomy only. In cases with an implant, 2/3 of infected implants are lost. We propose to use geographically diverse longitudinal claims data from the largest commercially insured population in the U.S. to determine the incidence of surgical site infection and noninfectious wound complications after mastectomy and immediate vs. delayed reconstruction. We will determine factors associated with risk of infectious and noninfectious wound complications in women who had mastectomy with or without immediate reconstruction from 2004-2007. We will use these data to develop risk prediction models for wound complications, taking into account the specific type of breast reconstructive surgery. We will then validate the risk prediction models with claims data from later years. These results will help determine if all of a subset of women could potentially benefit from delayed reconstruction, and if there are specific processes of care that protect against wound complications. This study will provide significant new information which can be used to improve outcomes for women with breast cancer.

Public Health Relevance

We propose to determine rates and risk factors for infectious and noninfectious wound complications after mastectomy with immediate compared to delayed breast reconstruction. We will develop an algorithm to predict wound complication rates. This study will provide important new information to determine the optimal timing and type of reconstructive surgery for women after mastectomy based on their underlying illnesses.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01CA149614-02
Application #
8011351
Study Section
Nursing Science: Adults and Older Adults Study Section (NSAA)
Program Officer
Warren, Joan
Project Start
2010-02-01
Project End
2015-01-31
Budget Start
2011-02-01
Budget End
2012-01-31
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$288,136
Indirect Cost
Name
Washington University
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
068552207
City
Saint Louis
State
MO
Country
United States
Zip Code
63130
Olsen, Margaret A; Nickel, Katelin B; Fraser, Victoria J et al. (2017) Prevalence and Predictors of Postdischarge Antibiotic Use Following Mastectomy. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 38:1048-1054
Olsen, Margaret A; Ball, Kelly E; Nickel, Katelin B et al. (2017) Validation of ICD-9-CM Diagnosis Codes for Surgical Site Infection and Noninfectious Wound Complications After Mastectomy. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 38:334-339
Olsen, Margaret A; Nickel, Katelin B; Fox, Ida K (2017) Surveillance and Prevention of Surgical Site Infections in Breast Oncologic Surgery with Immediate Reconstruction. Curr Treat Options Infect Dis 9:155-172
Olsen, Margaret A; Nickel, Katelin B; Fox, Ida K et al. (2017) Comparison of Wound Complications After Immediate, Delayed, and Secondary Breast Reconstruction Procedures. JAMA Surg 152:e172338
Nickel, Katelin B; Fox, Ida K; Margenthaler, Julie A et al. (2016) Effect of Noninfectious Wound Complications after Mastectomy on Subsequent Surgical Procedures and Early Implant Loss. J Am Coll Surg 222:844-852.e1
Nickel, Katelin B; Wallace, Anna E; Warren, David K et al. (2016) Modification of claims-based measures improves identification of comorbidities in non-elderly women undergoing mastectomy for breast cancer: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Health Serv Res 16:388
Olsen, Margaret A; Nickel, Katelin B; Margenthaler, Julie A et al. (2016) Development of a Risk Prediction Model to Individualize Risk Factors for Surgical Site Infection After Mastectomy. Ann Surg Oncol 23:2471-9
Olsen, Margaret A; Nickel, Katelin B; Fox, Ida K et al. (2015) Incidence of Surgical Site Infection Following Mastectomy With and Without Immediate Reconstruction Using Private Insurer Claims Data. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 36:907-14