Cisplatin is one of the most potent anti-tumor agents, which displays clinical activity against a wide variety of solid tumors. The anti-neoplastic activity of cisplatin results from cisplatin- induced DNA damage, which further triggers cellular apoptosis. However, the effective use of cisplatin is limited by the development of cisplatin resistance in cancer cells. Damaged DNA binding protein (DDB2) has been reported to be able to bind UV- or cisplatin-induced DNA damage, and believed to have a correlation with the apoptotic event, especially the apoptosis induced by DNA damaging agents. However, the relationship between DDB2 and cisplatin- induced apoptosis needs to be validated and the mechanism needs to be explored. The specific hypothesis addressed in this proposal is that DDB2 mediates cisplatin-induced apoptosis through binding DNA damage to relay the apoptotic signals, and regulating pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins;as a result, DDB2 deficiency confers cancer cells resistance to cisplatin. The proposed work will utilize relevant biochemical, biophysical, immunological, cellular and molecular technologies mostly established and ongoing in the PI's laboratory to address the following specific aims: (1) To validate the role of DDB2 in cisplatin-induced apoptosis and the relationship between DDB2 and Bcl-2 in varying cancer cell lines and human tumor tissues;(2) To define the role of DDB2 recognition of cisplatin-induced DNA damage in triggering apoptosis;(3) To delineate the mechanism through which DDB2 down-regulates Bcl-2 level;(4) To reveal the relationship between DDB2 and p53 in the cisplatin-induced apoptosis;(5) To test the role of DDB2 in cisplatin sensitivity and cisplatin- induced apoptosis in vivo. The experimental focus of this proposal is on the relationship between DDB2 and apoptosis. Thus, the above-mentioned specific aims are designed to provide a comprehensive assessment of the regulatory function of DDB2 on cisplatin-induced apoptosis and the development of cisplatin resistance.

Public Health Relevance

Cisplatin was first described as an anti-tumor agent in 1965 by Rosenberg. It has been in widespread clinical use for more than three decades to treat various malignant tumors. However, many human tumors have either intrinsic resistance to cisplatin or acquire resistance after the initial patient treatment. This has become a major problem limiting its effective use. Cisplatin kills tumor cells through interaction with cellular DNA and damaging it. The damaged DNA triggers programmed cell death pathway (apoptosis), and finally commits cancer cells to suicide. However, the cisplatin-resistant cancer cells hardly undergo apoptosis after cisplatin treatment due to multi-reasons. We have identified one protein, named damaged DNA binding protein 2 (DDB2), which can mediate cisplatin-induced apoptosis. In this proposal, we will further define how DDB2 facilitates cisplatin-induced programmed cell death in cisplatin-resistant cancer cells and how DDB2 sensitizes cisplatin-resistant tumors to cisplatin treatment. Ultimately, we hope to translate this knowledge into new strategies for increasing the cisplatin sensitivity and treating recalcitrant tumors.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01CA151248-03
Application #
8516879
Study Section
Basic Mechanisms of Cancer Therapeutics Study Section (BMCT)
Program Officer
Wolpert, Mary K
Project Start
2011-09-01
Project End
2015-07-31
Budget Start
2013-08-01
Budget End
2014-07-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2013
Total Cost
$237,961
Indirect Cost
$81,921
Name
Ohio State University
Department
Radiation-Diagnostic/Oncology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
832127323
City
Columbus
State
OH
Country
United States
Zip Code
43210
Srivastava, Amit Kumar; Rizvi, Asim; Cui, Tiantian et al. (2018) Depleting ovarian cancer stem cells with calcitriol. Oncotarget 9:14481-14491
Qu, Mei-Hua; Han, Chunhua; Srivastava, Amit Kumar et al. (2016) miR-93 promotes TGF-?-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition through downregulation of NEDD4L in lung cancer cells. Tumour Biol 37:5645-51
Zou, Ning; Xie, Guozhen; Cui, Tiantian et al. (2016) DDB2 increases radioresistance of NSCLC cells by enhancing DNA damage responses. Tumour Biol 37:14183-14191
Han, Chunhua; Srivastava, Amit Kumar; Cui, Tiantian et al. (2016) Differential DNA lesion formation and repair in heterochromatin and euchromatin. Carcinogenesis 37:129-38
Han, Chunhua; Wani, Gulzar; Zhao, Ran et al. (2015) Cdt2-mediated XPG degradation promotes gap-filling DNA synthesis in nucleotide excision repair. Cell Cycle 14:1103-15
Srivastava, Amit Kumar; Han, Chunhua; Zhao, Ran et al. (2015) Enhanced expression of DNA polymerase eta contributes to cisplatin resistance of ovarian cancer stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 112:4411-6
Cui, Tiantian; Srivastava, Amit Kumar; Han, Chunhua et al. (2015) XPC inhibits NSCLC cell proliferation and migration by enhancing E-Cadherin expression. Oncotarget 6:10060-72
Zhao, Ran; Cui, Tiantian; Han, Chunhua et al. (2015) DDB2 modulates TGF-? signal transduction in human ovarian cancer cells by downregulating NEDD4L. Nucleic Acids Res 43:7838-49
Chu, Jianhong; He, Shun; Deng, Youcai et al. (2014) Genetic modification of T cells redirected toward CS1 enhances eradication of myeloma cells. Clin Cancer Res 20:3989-4000
Han, Chunhua; Zhao, Ran; Liu, Xingluo et al. (2014) DDB2 suppresses tumorigenicity by limiting the cancer stem cell population in ovarian cancer. Mol Cancer Res 12:784-94

Showing the most recent 10 out of 16 publications