The overarching goal of this project is to evaluate the role of reciprocal regulation between EphA2 and Akt in glioma invasion and to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor. It is an incurable malignancy due in large part to its diffuse invasion. Recent large scale genome studies show that PI3K/Akt signaling cascade is activated in 88% of GBM. While Akt is well known to control cell proliferation and survival, its role in cell migration and invasion is not well understood. We discovered that Akt promotes glioma cell invasion by targeting EphA2. As a member of Eph subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases, EphA2 has been extensively studied in cancer. Paradoxically, both pro- and anti-oncogenic functions have been attributed to EphA2. We reported recently that EphA2 has diametrically opposite roles in regulating glioma cell migration and invasion. In the presence of ligands called ephrin-As, EphA2 inhibited cell migration and invasion. In contrast, in the absence of ligands, EphA2 promoted chemotactic migration and invasion instead. Interestingly, the ligand-independent stimulation of cell motility was correlated with phosphorylation of EphA2 on serine 897 by Akt. S897A mutation abolished this ligand-independent effect. In human glioma specimens, S897 phosphorylation is correlated with tumor grades and Akt activation, suggesting pathological relevance. The data in aggregate suggest that the Akt-EphA2 signaling axis contributes to invasion of glioma. However, direct proof in vivo has not been demonstrated yet, nor is it known how Akt/EphA2 crosstalk promotes cell migration and invasion at the molecular level. The goal of this proposal is to fill both gaps.
In Specific Aim 1, we will determine whether the Akt-EphA2 signaling axis promotes human GBM invasion in vivo.
Aim 2 will test whether deletion of ligands for EphA2 will lead to accelerated glioma invasion.
In Aim 3, we will characterize the molecular and structural bases underlying stimulation of cell migration and invasion by the Akt-EphA2 signaling axis.

Public Health Relevance

Despite maximum treatments, the prognosis of GBM is dismal with median survival of only 14 months. The inevitable lethality is in large part caused by the diffuse infiltrative invasion throughout the brain at the time of diagnosis. Understanding molecular mechanisms of GBM invasion is central in developing new therapeutic strategies. We have characterized a new molecular pathway that constitutes an """"""""on/off"""""""" switch for glioma cell migration in vitro. The proposed studies will extend this important discovery in a test tube to preclinical models in vivo and investigate the molecular and structural bases of the switch using several highly innovative approaches and model systems. As such, the current application has highly significant public health relevance, because it will not only inform us whether the switch works in vivo, but also reveal components of glioma invasion machinery. The information can lead to the development of new agents for treating this deadly disease.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01CA152371-02
Application #
8082672
Study Section
Tumor Progression and Metastasis Study Section (TPM)
Program Officer
Snyderwine, Elizabeth G
Project Start
2010-06-07
Project End
2015-04-30
Budget Start
2011-05-01
Budget End
2012-04-30
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2011
Total Cost
$316,002
Indirect Cost
Name
Case Western Reserve University
Department
Internal Medicine/Medicine
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
077758407
City
Cleveland
State
OH
Country
United States
Zip Code
44106
Shi, Xiaojun; Wang, Bingcheng (2018) Caught in the ""Akt"": Cross-talk between EphA2 and EGFR through the Akt-PIKfyve axis maintains cellular sensitivity to EGF. Sci Signal 11:
Petty, Aaron; Idippily, Nethrie; Bobba, Viharika et al. (2018) Design and synthesis of small molecule agonists of EphA2 receptor. Eur J Med Chem 143:1261-1276
Chen, Yang; Gao, Zhen; Wang, Bingcheng et al. (2016) Towards precision medicine-based therapies for glioblastoma: interrogating human disease genomics and mouse phenotypes. BMC Genomics 17 Suppl 7:516
Miao, H; Gale, N W; Guo, H et al. (2015) EphA2 promotes infiltrative invasion of glioma stem cells in vivo through cross-talk with Akt and regulates stem cell properties. Oncogene 34:558-67
Borthakur, Susmita; Lee, HyeongJu; Kim, SoonJeung et al. (2014) Binding and function of phosphotyrosines of the Ephrin A2 (EphA2) receptor using synthetic sterile ? motif (SAM) domains. J Biol Chem 289:19694-703
Lee, Hyeong J; Hota, Prasanta K; Chugha, Preeti et al. (2012) NMR structure of a heterodimeric SAM:SAM complex: characterization and manipulation of EphA2 binding reveal new cellular functions of SHIP2. Structure 20:41-55
Petty, Aaron; Myshkin, Eugene; Qin, Haina et al. (2012) A small molecule agonist of EphA2 receptor tyrosine kinase inhibits tumor cell migration in vitro and prostate cancer metastasis in vivo. PLoS One 7:e42120
Lin, Samantha; Wang, Bingcheng; Getsios, Spiro (2012) Eph/ephrin signaling in epidermal differentiation and disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 23:92-101
Miao, Hui; Wang, Bingcheng (2012) EphA receptor signaling--complexity and emerging themes. Semin Cell Dev Biol 23:16-25
Tian, Haibin; Lu, Xincheng; Guo, Hong et al. (2012) Radio-deoxynucleoside Analogs used for Imaging tk Expression in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Theranostics 2:597-606

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