Important progress continues to be made in the treatment of most common cancers, but therapeutic benefit remains difficult to predict and severe or fatal adverse events occur frequently. The Human Genome Project has fueled the notion that genetic information can produce effective and cost-efficient selection of therapies for individual patients, but validated genetic signatures that predict response to most chemotherapy regimens remain to be identified. Numerous genes potentially influence drug response, but current candidate-gene approaches are limited by the requirement of a priori knowledge about the genes involved and the moderate size of most clinical trials often limits the power of in vitro genome wide association studies (GWAS) for cancer pharmacogenomics discovery. In response to these limitations, we have undertaken a thorough, pharmacogenomic assessment of cytotoxic effect of the majority of FDA approved anti-cancer compounds using an ex vivo model system to determine the heritability of drug-induced cell killing to prioritize drugs for pharmacogenomic mapping. These results are an important first step, and while high heritability of a trait does not guarantee successful association mapping results, it represents an important first step and the results will be used to prioritize drugs with high heritabilities for genome-wide association mapping. In the current proposal, GWAS mapping of cytotoxic agents will be performed in a European American population, and then replication GWAS mapping will be performed in an East Asian population. In addition to discovering and validating genetic variants that predict drug response, the wealth of data collected will be used to dissect the underlying etiology of drug response traits, including assessing the relative contribution of genetic, environmental, and interaction components of variation. These results will provide crucial insight to prioritize genetic variants for follow-up in precious clinical population resources, and potentially reveal new insight into the overall etiology of drug responses.

Public Health Relevance

We will build on our previous work to conduct in vitro GWAS and rare variant studies in a large, racially diverse cohort from the 1000 Genomes project. We will conduct association mapping on a large number of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, and innovatively, on combination therapies. Our overall goal is to identify high interest genes and characterize the trait etiology of these drug response outcomes so that they may be further investigated in functional experiments and clinical populations.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01CA161608-07
Application #
9675230
Study Section
Cancer, Heart, and Sleep Epidemiology A Study Section (CHSA)
Program Officer
Filipski, Kelly
Project Start
2012-03-01
Project End
2022-03-31
Budget Start
2019-04-01
Budget End
2020-03-31
Support Year
7
Fiscal Year
2019
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
North Carolina State University Raleigh
Department
Biostatistics & Other Math Sci
Type
Schools of Arts and Sciences
DUNS #
042092122
City
Raleigh
State
NC
Country
United States
Zip Code
27695
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