We have demonstrated that chemoprotective diets containing turmeric (curcumin) and citrus (limonin) bioactives reduce chronic inflammation and colon cancer risk. With respect to cancer biology, recent observations demonstrate that crypt stem cells are the cells-of-origin of intestinal cancer. Since non-coding microRNA-mediated translational repression and changes to chromatin structure may be linked to the development of colon cancer, it is vital that the effect of chemopreventive diets on microRNAs, their messenger RNA (mRNA) targets, and epigenetic modifications on both the histone and DNA levels in intestinal stem cells be determined. However, to date, the effect of dietary botanicals on genome-wide chromatin epigenetic modifications, microRNAs, and mRNA populations in intestinal stem cells, crypts and tumors has not been determined. Therefore, we hypothesize that a chemoprotective diet, containing curcumin and/or the citrus bioactive limonin, will modulate the stem cell transcriptome, resulting in a favorable shift in disease progression.
Aim 1 will use highly novel stem cell specific Lgr5-LacZ and Lgr-EGFP mice to quantify the number and spatio-temporal location of stem cells, DNA damage and targeted apoptosis in the colonic crypt at the initiation and tumor stages of colon carcinogenesis following exposure to diets containing curcumin, limonin, and their mixture.
Aim 2 will use the Lgr5-EGFP mouse to investigate the effect of disease progression on microRNAs and their post-transcriptionally regulated mRNA targets in colonic stem cells, intact colonic crypts and tumors following carcinogen/inflammation or saline (control) exposure.
Aim 3 will generate high-resolution genome- wide chromatin-state maps for (i) intestinal epithelial cell crypts, and (ii) colonic tumors using chromatin immunoprecipitation in order to assess the effect of diet and colitis-associated colon carcinogenesis on epigenetic modifications at both the histone and DNA levels. It is anticipated that novel stem cell signaling networks and markers will emerge from these studies. The proposed studies will promote our understanding of how botanicals impact critical signaling pathways during normal intestinal development and malignant transformation, including self-renewal of stem cells.

Public Health Relevance

The proposed studies will promote our understanding of how dietary chemoprotective natural botanical products, e.g., curcumin, citrus-derived limonin, and their mixture, impact critical signaling pathways during normal intestinal development and malignant transformation, including self-renewal of stem and progenitor cells.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
3R01CA168312-05S1
Application #
9126694
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZAT1-SM (23))
Program Officer
Kim, Young S
Project Start
2015-08-01
Project End
2016-07-31
Budget Start
2015-08-01
Budget End
2016-07-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2015
Total Cost
$96,807
Indirect Cost
$31,507
Name
Texas A&M University
Department
Nutrition
Type
Schools of Earth Sciences/Natur
DUNS #
078592789
City
College Station
State
TX
Country
United States
Zip Code
77845
Kim, Eunjoo; Wright, Gus A; Zoh, Roger S et al. (2018) Establishment of a multicomponent dietary bioactive human equivalent dose to delete damaged Lgr5+ stem cells using a mouse colon tumor initiation model. Eur J Cancer Prev :
Seidel, Derek V; Azcárate-Peril, M Andrea; Chapkin, Robert S et al. (2017) Shaping functional gut microbiota using dietary bioactives to reduce colon cancer risk. Semin Cancer Biol 46:191-204
Fan, Yang-Yi; Vaz, Frederic M; Chapkin, Robert S (2017) Dietary fat and fiber interactively modulate apoptosis and mitochondrial bioenergetic profiles in mouse colon in a site-specific manner. Eur J Cancer Prev 26:301-308
Fuentes, Natividad R; Salinas, Michael L; Kim, Eunjoo et al. (2017) Emerging role of chemoprotective agents in the dynamic shaping of plasma membrane organization. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 1859:1668-1678
Triff, Karen; McLean, Mathew W; Konganti, Kranti et al. (2017) Assessment of histone tail modifications and transcriptional profiling during colon cancer progression reveals a global decrease in H3K4me3 activity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 1863:1392-1402
Hou, Tim Y; Davidson, Laurie A; Kim, Eunjoo et al. (2016) Nutrient-Gene Interaction in Colon Cancer, from the Membrane to Cellular Physiology. Annu Rev Nutr 36:543-70
DeClercq, Vanessa C; Goldsby, Jennifer S; McMurray, David N et al. (2016) Distinct Adipose Depots from Mice Differentially Respond to a High-Fat, High-Salt Diet. J Nutr 146:1189-96
Fan, Yang-Yi; Davidson, Laurie A; Chapkin, Robert S (2016) Murine Colonic Organoid Culture System and Downstream Assay Applications. Methods Mol Biol :
Shah, Manasvi S; Kim, Eunjoo; Davidson, Laurie A et al. (2016) Comparative effects of diet and carcinogen on microRNA expression in the stem cell niche of the mouse colonic crypt. Biochim Biophys Acta 1862:121-34
Kim, Eunjoo; Davidson, Laurie A; Zoh, Roger S et al. (2016) Rapidly cycling Lgr5+ stem cells are exquisitely sensitive to extrinsic dietary factors that modulate colon cancer risk. Cell Death Dis 7:e2460

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