Medulloblastoma (MB) is a cancer arising within the cerebellum, and is the most common malignant brain tumor in children. Current care which relies on radiotherapy and chemotherapy, only cures 60% of patients, and has serious long-term neurocognitive sequelae in survivors, hence the unmet medical need to develop more efficacious, less toxic therapies for this disease. Malignant brain tumors including the sonic hedgehog (SHH) subgroup of MB are driven by tumor propagating cells (cancer stem cells; CSCs) expressing the cell surface glycoprotein CD15. A knowledge gap exist in that the molecular mechanisms controlling CSC and non CSC phenotypes are poorly delineated. The central hypothesis for this proposal is that the PI3K/PTEN signaling axis exerts control over the CSC phenotype in SHH MB and hence represents a target for therapeutic exploitation with PI3K inhibitors. Importantly, work from our laboratory has demonstrated that PTEN expression is suppressed in the CSC compartment of the Smo transgenic (SHH pathway) mouse model of MB. The clinical relevance of the PTEN deficient Smo transgene mouse model is highlighted by our finding that PTEN expression is lost in human MB, and the observation that PTEN loss correlates with poor survival in MB patients. Our grant proposal, guided by our preliminary data proposes 3 specific aims: 1) Determine if genetic alterations in PTEN or specific isoforms of PI3K are necessary and/or sufficient for SHH driven CSC phenotype and tumorigenesis 2) Utilize high throughput kinome library screens and genomic profiling of mouse and human MB CSCs and non CSCs to identify a molecular signature and synthetic lethality effects which will predict sensitivity or resistance to a PI-3K inhibitor. 3) Elucidate the epigenetic mechanism by which PTEN is regulated in the CSC compartment in human SHH PDX models and the SmoTg GEMM model; Focused on PTEN specific miRNA regulatory networks. We will use the Math1creER recombinase to generate the conditional deletion of PTEN, p110? and/or p110? in normal cerebellar granule neuronal precursor cells (GNPs) or in the CSC compartment and determine the effects on the development of MB and CSC phenotype.
In Aim 2, we will expand upon our recent report demonstrating the activity of the PI3K inhibitor, BKM120 against CSCs to include synthetic lethality screens with other targeted agents and conventional chemotherapeutics. An innovative component of our application is the recent discovery of a novel miRNA network which epigenetically regulates PTEN in the CSC compartment which is associated with the CSC phenotype. This observation will be explored in our GEMMs , MB PDX models and in human MB tumor samples to determine the role of these miRNAs in the regulation of PTEN, PI3K and the CSC phenotypes including tumor initiating activity. The proposed work is significant in that it will: 1) establish a role for PTEN, p110? and p110? in CSC biology in MB 2) identify novel synthetic lethalities in combination with PI3K inhibition in MB CSCs and 3) elucidate a role for miRNA networks in the control of PTEN and CSC phenotypes.

Public Health Relevance

The proposed research is relevant to public health because the discovery of signaling pathways that control medulloblastoma tumor growth, survival and progression will ultimately be expected to increase our understanding of the pathogenesis of malignant diseases involving cancer stem cells. Thus the proposed research is relevant to the part of the NIH?s mission that pertains to fundamental knowledge that will help to reduce the burden of human disability as relates to the treatment of adult and childhood cancer.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
7R01CA172513-03
Application #
9695947
Study Section
Tumor Cell Biology Study Section (TCB)
Program Officer
Yassin, Rihab R
Project Start
2017-07-03
Project End
2022-05-31
Budget Start
2019-06-01
Budget End
2020-05-31
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
2019
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Nebraska Medical Center
Department
Pediatrics
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
168559177
City
Omaha
State
NE
Country
United States
Zip Code
68198
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Campbell, Grant R; Bruckman, Rachel S; Herns, Shayna D et al. (2018) Induction of autophagy by PI3K/MTOR and PI3K/MTOR/BRD4 inhibitors suppresses HIV-1 replication. J Biol Chem 293:5808-5820