This project seeks to provide the proof-of-concept for antiangiogenic immunotherapy targeting the premetastatic niche. We have found that complement C5a receptor (C5aR)-dependent angiogenesis begins in the lungs prior to the arrival of tumor cells and facilitates metastases; thus, this angiogenesis contributes to the premetastatic niche. These findings broaden our understanding of cancer-associated angiogenesis, since it is currently thought that angiogenesis begins in metastasis-targeted organs after metastases are present, facilitating the progression of dormant lesions to rapidly growing metastatic tumors. Leveraging our expertise in Listeria monocytogenes-based therapies and complement biology, we propose to use a combination of Listeria-based antiangiogenic vaccines and the inhibition of complement C5a receptor (C5aR) to stop premetastatic angiogenesis and metastases. This project is based on our recently published work demonstrating that inhibition of C5aR can prevent lung and liver metastases by enhancing antitumor CD8+ T-cell responses in these organs. The mechanisms to explain these beneficial effects include the complement- dependent reduction of lung and liver infiltration by myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), which are often blamed for the failure of various anticancer immunotherapies in the clinic. Therefore, we hypothesize that targeting MDSC through C5aR inhibition will synergize with and potentiate the actions of Listeria vaccines targeting premetastatic angiogenesis. Through these studies, we will identify the mechanisms regulating vascular alterations in the premetastatic niche that facilitate metastasis and design antiangiogenic therapy to target this niche. This strategy has the potential to prevent, delay, or reduce the metastases to vital organs that are responsible for 90% of cancer deaths. We will design an anticancer immunotherapy with minimal adverse effects, in contrast to the currently used toxic chemotherapy regimens. We anticipate that this active antiangiogenic immunization will induce a long-lasting immune response to the pathological vasculature, eliminating or reducing the need for frequent or prolonged administration of C5aR inhibitor and vaccines. Toward the goals of this application, we propose two well-integrated aims that will inform each other: (1) to identify the mechanisms regulating vascular alterations in the premetastatic niche, and (2) to compare the efficacy of the combined immunotherapy involving C5aR inhibition and Listeria antiangiogenic vaccines to monotherapy involving only one of these interventions and to the currently approved antiangiogenic therapies; and to identify the mechanisms of the synergistic action of C5aR inhibition and antiangiogenic vaccines.
These aims will be achieved through in vivo studies in clinically relevant models of cancer.

Public Health Relevance

The spread of cancer to the vital organs, known as metastasis, is a major cause of cancer associated deaths, since the most patients cannot be cured once metastases are present. This research aims to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for metastasis to the lungs that are often affected by metastasis of common human malignancies. We expect that this research will identify new targets for therapies preventing metastasis.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
1R01CA190209-01A1
Application #
9020741
Study Section
Cancer Immunopathology and Immunotherapy Study Section (CII)
Program Officer
Welch, Anthony R
Project Start
2015-12-15
Project End
2020-11-30
Budget Start
2015-12-15
Budget End
2016-11-30
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2016
Total Cost
$349,988
Indirect Cost
$121,238
Name
Texas Tech University
Department
Pharmacology
Type
Schools of Pharmacy
DUNS #
City
Lubbock
State
TX
Country
United States
Zip Code
79430
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Kochanek, Dawn M; Ghouse, Shanawaz M; Karbowniczek, Magdalena M et al. (2018) Complementing Cancer Metastasis. Front Immunol 9:1629
Markiewski, Maciej M; Vadrevu, Surya Kumari; Sharma, Sharad K et al. (2017) The Ribosomal Protein S19 Suppresses Antitumor Immune Responses via the Complement C5a Receptor 1. J Immunol 198:2989-2999
Cho, Jun-Hung; Patel, Bhaumik; Bonala, Santosh et al. (2017) Notch transactivates Rheb to maintain the multipotency of TSC-null cells. Nat Commun 8:1848