Despite few studies on Asian American breast cancer survivors, it is well known that these women shoulderunnecessary burden of breast cancer because they rarely complain about symptoms or pain, delay seekinghelp, and rarely ask or get support due to their cultural values and beliefs and language barriers. Thisdemonstrates a definite need for support in this specific population. However, survivorship programs that areincreasingly instituted at cancer centers have serious impediments to providing information andcoaching/support because of the lack of staff time and insurance reimbursement. Furthermore, the pressure offast-paced clinical patient-provider interactions leaves little time for health care providers to provide up-to-dateinformation and coaching or support for these women based on their cultural attitudes. All these circumstancesnecessitate an innovative and creative delivery method of information and coaching/support. A technologybasedapproach using computers and mobile devices (smart phones and tablets) promises to meet thisnecessity with high flexibility and accessibility, and minimizes the cost of the intervention in busy and costlyhealth care settings. Also, a technology-based intervention that does not involve face-to-face interactions couldwork better for many women from cultures where breast cancer is still a stigmatizing experience. Therefore,based on Preliminary Studies (PSs), the research team has developed and pilot-tested a theory-driventechnology-based information and coaching/support program that is culturally tailored to Asian Americanbreast cancer survivors using multiple features. The purpose of the proposed randomized intervention studyis to test the efficacy of the technology-based information and coaching/support program for Asian Americanbreast cancer survivors (TICAA) in enhancing the women?s breast cancer survivorship experience.
The specific aims are to: a) determine whether the intervention group will show significantly greaterimprovements than the control group in primary outcomes (needs for help, physical and psychologicalsymptoms, and quality of life) from baseline (pre-test) to Time Points 1 (post 1-month) and 2 (post 3-months); b)identify theory-based variables (attitudes, self-efficacy, perceived barriers, and social influences related tobreast cancer survivorship) that mediate the intervention effects of the TICAA on the primary outcomes; and c)determine whether the effects of the TICAA on the primary outcomes are moderated by backgroundcharacteristics and disease factors. The proposed study will be guided by the Bandura?s Theory of BehavioralChange. This study adopts a randomized repeated measures pretest/posttest control group design in 330Asian American breast cancer survivors. The long-term goals are to: (a) implement the program into varioushealth care settings; (b) determine if the TICAA will lead to long-term improved health outcomes; and (c)fundamentally enhance the methodology/paradigm of culturally tailored technology-based interventions forethnic minority groups of breast cancer survivors.
This study will ultimately contribute to reducing ethnic disparities in health/disease experience by providingdirections for culturally competent health care services; specifically technology-based information andcoaching/support interventions for ethnic minority breast cancer survivors. The knowledge and theoreticalinsight from this research program can have substantial long term impact for addressing racial/ethnic disparity.Also; this study will accelerate the translation of technology-based programs into health care.
| Im, Eun-Ok; Chee, Wonshik; Hu, Yun et al. (2018) What to Consider in a Culturally Tailored Technology-Based Intervention? Comput Inform Nurs 36:424-429 |
| Im, Eun-Ok; Kim, Sangmi; Lee, Chiyoung et al. (2018) Decreasing menopausal symptoms of Asian American breast cancer survivors through a technology-based information and coaching/support program. Menopause : |
| Im, Eun-Ok; Kim, Sangmi; Xu, Shu et al. (2018) Issues in Recruiting and Retaining Asian American Breast Cancer Survivors in a Technology-Based Intervention Study. Cancer Nurs : |
| Im, Eun-Ok; Lee, Soo Jin; Hu, Yun et al. (2017) The use of multiple languages in a technology-based intervention study: A discussion paper. Appl Nurs Res 38:147-152 |
