Cocaine is a commonly abused drug among reproductive age women. there is emerging clinical evidence that chronic cocaine use in women is associated with reproductive dysfunction, including decreased libido, irregular menstrual cycles and amenorrhea. Despite the growing epidemic of cocaine abuse and evidence associating it with reproductive dysfunction, there are no control studies that have assessed the effects of chronic cocaine use on hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis and menstrual cyclicity in women or subhuman primates. Studies in rats have demonstrated cocaine disrupts estrous cyclicity, decreases ovulation rates and alters hypothalamic neurotransmitters that regulate gonadotropin-releasing hormone release. Extrapolation these findings to women or subhuman primates may not be appropriate because the regulation of reproductive function differs between rodents and primates. Accordingly, this proposal will assess the effects of daily follicular phase cocaine administration on reproductive function in normally cycling rhesus monkeys. The studies proposed will: (1) characterize the dose-response effects of daily follicular-phase cocaine administration on menstrual cyclicity, gonadotropin and ovarian steroid levels, ovulation rates, and corpus luteum function, (2) characterize the effects of daily follicular-phase cocaine administration on gonadotropin pulsatility, (3) determine whether daily follicular-phase cocaine administration directly impairs pituitary gonadotropin secretion, and (4) determine whether daily follicular-phase cocaine administration directly affects ovarian steroid secretion and ovulation. To accomplish these aims, monkeys will be placed in a mobile vest and tether assembly to allow drug administration and blood sampling without anesthesia or stress which are known to impair circulating hormone levels and ovarian/menstrual cyclicity. These studies will define cocaine's disruptive effects on ovarian/menstrual cyclicity and ovulation, and determine the dose of cocaine required to disrupt cyclicity. These studies will also determine cocaine's site of action within the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, from which future studies may better determine cocaine's mechanism of action within each site in the axis. This information will be of value in the clinical management of reproductive dysfunction related to cocaine abuse.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DA008295-02
Application #
2120769
Study Section
Drug Abuse Biomedical Research Review Committee (DABR)
Project Start
1994-08-01
Project End
1997-06-30
Budget Start
1995-07-01
Budget End
1996-06-30
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
1995
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio
Department
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
800772162
City
San Antonio
State
TX
Country
United States
Zip Code
78229
Honore, G M; King, T S; Samuels, M H et al. (2001) Effects of cocaine on basal and pulsatile prolactin levels in rhesus monkeys. J Soc Gynecol Investig 8:351-7
Thyer, A C; King, T S; Moreno, A C et al. (2001) Cocaine impairs ovarian response to exogenous gonadotropins in nonhuman primates. J Soc Gynecol Investig 8:358-62
Potter, D A; Luther, M F; Eddy, C A et al. (1999) Low-dose follicular-phase cocaine administration disrupts menstrual and ovarian cyclicity in rhesus monkeys. J Soc Gynecol Investig 6:88-94
Potter, D A; Moreno, A; Luther, M F et al. (1998) Effects of follicular-phase cocaine administration on menstrual and ovarian cyclicity in rhesus monkeys. Am J Obstet Gynecol 178:118-25
Chen, E C; Samuels, M H; Luther, M F et al. (1998) Cocaine impairs follicular phase pulsatile gonadotropin secretion in rhesus monkeys. J Soc Gynecol Investig 5:311-6