This study aims to promote reasoned decision making in the realm of AIDS and drug-abuse prevention policy. We propose to develop and apply mathematical and economic models to evaluate interventions and thereby to inform the allocation of scarce resources. The proposed research ranges from methods development to applied policy analysis Our methodological aims are to produce formal, model-based characterizations of the relationship between resource expenditures and their impact on program performance measures of interest to decision makers: the goal is to determine what society gets for its AIDS prevention dollar. We will: 1) construct production functions that characterize the relationship between money spent to modify risky behaviors and the behavior change that results; 2) develop model-based methods for translating the behavioral impact of HIV-related interventions into epidemiologically meaningful outcome measures; 3) attach policy outcome measures (such as economic cost, public health impact, and cost-effectiveness) to models of HIV intervention programs. Our applied objectives build on this methodological foundation. These are: 4) to assess the impact and cost-effectiveness of specific interventions to prevent HIV and 5) to guide the process of resource allocation among competing prevention strategies. Our final objective is: 6) to explore the interface between formal analysis and the policy process. Specifically, we will examine how AIDS and drug-abuse policy makers understand and manage analytic information and presentation of findings. Working with policy makers, we will develop evaluation frameworks and reporting formats that can best be incorporated into the policy process. Our methods fall into three categories (a) Data analysis. We will analyze and synthesize extensive data on HIV risk behaviors, epidemic factors, and health and economic outcomes. Data will underlie each aim, assuring realistic representation of geographic settings, risk groups, and interventions. (b) Mathematical modeling. We will develop epidemic models to describe current conditions and to assess the impact of interventions. We will balance detailed portrayal of the epidemic with a focus on policy choices. (c) Collaboration with policy makers. We will obtain the regular input of individuals involved in decision making, to maximize the value of our analyses to policy issues.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DA009531-03
Application #
2700884
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (SRCD (24))
Project Start
1996-06-15
Project End
2001-04-30
Budget Start
1998-05-01
Budget End
1999-04-30
Support Year
3
Fiscal Year
1998
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Societal Institute of the Math Sciences
Department
Type
DUNS #
City
New Canaan
State
CT
Country
United States
Zip Code
06840
Wilson, Amy R; Kahn, James G (2003) Preventing HIV in injection drug users: choosing the best mix of interventions for the population. J Urban Health 80:465-81
Brandeau, Margaret L; Zaric, Gregory S; Richter, Anke (2003) Resource allocation for control of infectious diseases in multiple independent populations: beyond cost-effectiveness analysis. J Health Econ 22:575-98
Johri, Mira; David Paltiel, A; Goldie, Sue J et al. (2002) State AIDS Drug Assistance Programs: equity and efficiency in an era of rapidly changing treatment standards. Med Care 40:429-41
Zaric, Gregory S; Brandeau, Margaret L (2002) Dynamic resource allocation for epidemic control in multiple populations. IMA J Math Appl Med Biol 19:235-55
Walensky, Rochelle P; Paltiel, A David; Freedberg, Kenneth A (2002) AIDS Drug Assistance Programs: highlighting inequities in human immunodeficiency virus-infection health care in the United States. Clin Infect Dis 35:606-10
Marseille, Elliot; Hofmann, Paul B; Kahn, James G (2002) HIV prevention before HAART in sub-Saharan Africa. Lancet 359:1851-6
Kahn, J G; Haile, B; Kates, J et al. (2001) Health and federal budgetary effects of increasing access to antiretroviral medications for HIV by expanding Medicaid. Am J Public Health 91:1464-73
Heumann, K S; Marx, R; Lawrence, S J et al. (2001) Cost-effectiveness of prevention referrals for high-risk HIV-negatives in San Francisco. AIDS Care 13:637-42
Barnett, P G; Zaric, G S; Brandeau, M L (2001) The cost-effectiveness of buprenorphine maintenance therapy for opiate addiction in the United States. Addiction 96:1267-78
Kahn, J G; Kegeles, S M; Hays, R et al. (2001) Cost-effectiveness of the Mpowerment Project, a community-level intervention for young gay men. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 27:482-91

Showing the most recent 10 out of 34 publications