Methamphetamine (MA) dependence is expanding rapidly in the United States, recapitulating early phases of epidemic spread in the 1950's and 1960's. Beyond the morbidity and mortality directly associated with addictive disease, MA is of particular concern in light of the HIV epidemic because it is often administered intravenously and it often increases libido. This confluence of sexual and injection drug use (IDU) risk factors has led to high HIV seroprevalence in MA using populations. Despite the rapid increase in MA dependence, little is known of its natural history and the relative contributions of sexual and IDU behaviors to the risk of HIV transmission. In a longitudinal study of MA dependence, we will use a comprehensive battery of assessments to identify predictors of high risk behaviors; the relative contributions of various sexual and IDU factors to HIV seropositivity; rates of HIV seroconversion; changes in risk behaviors and MA use following drug treatment; and the prevalence and stability of psychiatric comorbidity. Subjects will be recruited from the largely homosexual outpatient population at Haight Ashbury Detox in San Francisco, from predominately heterosexual outpatient population at The Effort in Sacramento, and from out-of-treatment MA users in San Francisco and Sacramento.
| Salo, Ruth; Buonocore, Michael H; Leamon, Martin et al. (2011) Extended findings of brain metabolite normalization in MA-dependent subjects across sustained abstinence: a proton MRS study. Drug Alcohol Depend 113:133-8 |
| Salo, Ruth; Flower, Keith; Kielstein, Anousheh et al. (2011) Psychiatric comorbidity in methamphetamine dependence. Psychiatry Res 186:356-61 |
| Leamon, Martin H; Flower, Keith; Salo, Ruth E et al. (2010) Methamphetamine and paranoia: the methamphetamine experience questionnaire. Am J Addict 19:155-68 |
| Salo, Ruth; Nordahl, Thomas E; Galloway, Gantt P et al. (2009) Drug abstinence and cognitive control in methamphetamine-dependent individuals. J Subst Abuse Treat 37:292-7 |
| Salo, Ruth; Nordahl, Thomas E; Buonocore, Michael H et al. (2009) Cognitive control and white matter callosal microstructure in methamphetamine-dependent subjects: a diffusion tensor imaging study. Biol Psychiatry 65:122-8 |
| Salo, Ruth; Nordahl, Thomas E; Natsuaki, Yutaka et al. (2007) Attentional control and brain metabolite levels in methamphetamine abusers. Biol Psychiatry 61:1272-80 |
| Johanson, Chris-Ellyn; Frey, Kirk A; Lundahl, Leslie H et al. (2006) Cognitive function and nigrostriatal markers in abstinent methamphetamine abusers. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 185:327-38 |
| Nordahl, Thomas E; Salo, Ruth; Natsuaki, Yutaka et al. (2005) Methamphetamine users in sustained abstinence: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Arch Gen Psychiatry 62:444-52 |
| Salo, Ruth; Nordahl, Thomas E; Moore, Charles et al. (2005) A dissociation in attentional control: evidence from methamphetamine dependence. Biol Psychiatry 57:310-3 |
| Nordahl, Thomas E; Salo, Ruth; Leamon, Martin (2003) Neuropsychological effects of chronic methamphetamine use on neurotransmitters and cognition: a review. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 15:317-25 |
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