This application proposes to investigate the mediating role of endocrine consequences on the occurrence of mental health outcomes that take place among HIV-1+ IDUs. Injecting drug use (IDU) is one of the major risk factors for contracting human-immunodeficiency virus, type-i, (HIV-1) infection. abnormalities in various endocrine systems develop in IDUs and HIV-1+IDUs and may be associated with number of mental health outcomes. Our earlier reports show that the ACTH and cortisol responses to a cold pressor challenge are attenuated in HIV-1 + individuals and, thus, support the proposed hypothesis. An array of outcomes including, anxiety, depression, and perceived psychological distress and difficulty adapting to stressors occurs in HIV-1 + IDUs. Since HIV is present in the brain soon after infection and esides in very high concentrations in the hippocampus, it is proposed that different endocrine systems are likely to be adversely impacted centrally in HIV-1 infection. It is important to understand the mechanisms involved in the development of neuroendocrine abnormalities - central or peripheral - in order to intervene n mental health-related problems. This five-year proposal investigates the responses of the thyroid and gonads to trophic hormones, hyroid releasing hormone (TRH), and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH), as well as adrenal Aictivity in response to a low-dose ACTH challenge. This investigation will be carried out using a crossectional three-group design (HIV-i+ lDUs, N+1OO, HIV-1- IDUs, N=100, and HIV-1- non-IDUs, N=100) with the total N = 300, X 3 ethnicitlies (African-Americans, Hispanics, Caucasians) X 2 genders (Women and Men). Only those HIV seropostiive subjects who do not have AIDS-defining symptoms and are not being treated with triple-drug therapy will be enrolled since the effect of triple-drug therapy on the endocrine system is unknown at this time. It is proposed to investigate whether the endocrine responses nediate mental health outcomes (i.e., depression, anxiety, and perceived psychological distress). These data will be useful in designing suitable interventions.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DA013550-05
Application #
6891856
Study Section
AIDS and Related Research 8 (AARR)
Program Officer
Khalsa, Jagjitsingh H
Project Start
2001-05-01
Project End
2008-04-30
Budget Start
2005-05-01
Budget End
2008-04-30
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2005
Total Cost
$645,088
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Miami School of Medicine
Department
Psychiatry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
052780918
City
Miami
State
FL
Country
United States
Zip Code
33146
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Kumar, Adarsh M; Borodowsky, Irina; Fernandez, Benny et al. (2007) Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA Levels in different regions of human brain: quantification using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. J Neurovirol 13:210-24
Waldrop-Valverde, Drenna; Ownby, Raymond L; Wilkie, Frances L et al. (2006) Neurocognitive aspects of medication adherence in HIV-positive injecting drug users. AIDS Behav 10:287-97
Waldrop-Valverde, Drenna; Ownby, Raymond L; Kumar, Mahendra (2005) Influence of depression and HIV serostatus on the neuropsychological performance of injecting drug users. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 59:372-8
Kumar, Adarsh M; Solano, Maria P; Fernandez, Jesus B et al. (2005) Adrenocortical response to ovine corticotropin-releasing hormone in young men: cortisol measurement in matched samples of saliva and plasma. Horm Res 64:55-60
Waldrop-Valverde, Drenna; Valverde, Eduardo (2005) Homelessness and psychological distress as contributors to antiretroviral nonadherence in HIV-positive injecting drug users. AIDS Patient Care STDS 19:326-34

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