The scientific literature offers little information about the use of stimulants, particularly methamphetamine (""""""""meth""""""""), cocaine, and crack, in rural America. We know little about the characteristics of rural stimulant users, how stimulant use is organized, the course of stimulant use, or about drug treatment and other service use in rural areas. Rural characteristics suggest that inferences from urban drug users may not be generalizable to rural stimulant users. Recently, Wright State University (WSU) in Dayton, Ohio was funded by NIDA to study rural Ohio stimulant users, and to identify factors associated with their drug use and use of health services. This application proposes to expand and enhance the Ohio rural stimulant research to the Arkansas Mississippi Delta and Appalachian Kentucky, by contributing a substantially wider range of rural ecologies, participant demographic and cultural characteristics, service availability, and service use. We will expand the primary focus of the Ohio study to a broader-based natural history of rural stimulant use and health services, highlighting the critical role of co-occurring mental disorders in relationship to trajectories of drug use and use of health services, including mental health services. We will also target interactions with the criminal justice system as longitudinal measures. We propose to develop complementary projects using parallel specific aims and procedures, and common data collection instruments, with the Ohio project. We will study 450 stimulant users over a three-year interval with six-monthly follow-ups. Using both qualitative and quantitative methods, our overall specific aim is to characterize stimulant use and use of health services in two distinct rural ecologies. We plan to study the longitudinal course of drug use and predictors of drug use, and use of treatment, mental health, general medical, and ER services, and to conduct pooled analyses of the Arkansas, Kentucky, and Ohio samples. This expanded research from three diverse rural ecologies will provide convincing and cogent data for health planning and health policy for prevention and treatment of stimulant users in rural areas.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
1R01DA015363-01
Application #
6507876
Study Section
Human Development Research Subcommittee (NIDA)
Program Officer
Flanzer, Jerry
Project Start
2002-09-25
Project End
2007-06-30
Budget Start
2002-09-25
Budget End
2003-06-30
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2002
Total Cost
$1,485,560
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
Department
Psychiatry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
City
Little Rock
State
AR
Country
United States
Zip Code
72205
Cucciare, Michael A; Scarbrough, Catherine B (2018) Opportunities for Identifying and Addressing Unhealthy Substance Use in Rural Communities: A Commentary on Cucciare et al (2017). Subst Abuse 12:1178221818805980
Cucciare, Michael A; Han, Xiaotong; Timko, Christine et al. (2018) Longitudinal associations between outpatient medical care use and substance use among rural stimulant users. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 44:235-243
Timko, Christine; Han, Xiaotong; Woodhead, Erin et al. (2018) Polysubstance Use by Stimulant Users: Health Outcomes Over Three Years. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 79:799-807
Wong, Jessie J; Cucciare, Michael A; Booth, Brenda M et al. (2018) Predicting Substance Use Patterns Among Rural Adults: The Roles of Mothers, Fathers, and Parenthood. Fam Process :
Cucciare, Michael A; Han, Xiaotong; Timko, Christine et al. (2017) Correlates of three-year outpatient medical care use among rural stimulant users. J Subst Abuse Treat 77:6-12
Timko, Christine; Booth, Brenda M; Han, Xiaotong et al. (2017) Criminogenic Needs, Substance Use, and Offending among Rural Stimulant Users. Rural Ment Health 41:110-122
Cucciare, Michael A; Han, Xiaotong; Curran, Geoffrey M et al. (2016) Associations Between Religiosity, Perceived Social Support, and Stimulant Use in an Untreated Rural Sample in the U.S.A. Subst Use Misuse 51:823-34
Edlund, Mark J; Sullivan, Mark D; Han, Xiaotong et al. (2013) Days with pain and substance use disorders: is there an association? Clin J Pain 29:689-95
Borders, Tyrone F; Stewart, Katharine E; Wright, Patricia B et al. (2013) Risky sex in rural America: longitudinal changes in a community-based cohort of methamphetamine and cocaine users. Am J Addict 22:535-42
Borders, Tyrone F; Booth, Brenda M (2013) Stimulant use, religiosity, and the odds of developing or maintaining an alcohol use disorder over time. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 74:369-77

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