Adolescent substance use is common and associated with both significant negative individual consequences and substantial costs to society. The proposed study will capitalize on a cost-effective opportunity to identify neurobiological mechanisms underlying risks for, and consequences of, adolescent substance use. Tests will be conducted in adolescents with high (n= 68) and low (n = 34) familial risk for substance use disorders, selected from a larger ongoing longitudinal study that is testing causal relationships between the development of impulse control and substance use. In this new application, we seek to identify relationships between maturation of frontostriatal circuitry, impulse control development, and progression of substance use involvement across adolescence. We propose to measure frontostriatal circuitry in 11- to 14- year-old adolescents at risk for substance use disorders and to repeat assessments annually for a 5-year period. We will compare circuitry between adolescents at high or low risk for substance use disorders (based on family history) before regular drug use begins (Aim 1);determine how individual differences in early adolescent frontostriatal circuitry development, before regular drug use, predict onset and severity of substance use (Aim 2);and examine how trajectories of frontostriatal circuitry development are affected by both familial risk and adolescent substance use (Aim 3). This application posits that a) impulsive reward- focused behaviors emerging during adolescence are driven, at least in part, by inadequate regulation of the striatum due to delayed maturation of the prefrontal cortex, and b) that adolescents are uniquely vulnerable to substance use disorders and resultant cognitive impairments. This framework allows for testable hypotheses to examine neurobiological mechanisms underlying relationships observed between impulse control and substance use disorders across adolescent development. This is an opportunity to study the etiology of adolescent substance use by examining neurobiological mechanisms underlying risk for substance use disorders, impulse control development, and effects of substance use on adolescent brain development. Our study has the unique advantage of recruiting from an established and well-characterized cohort that is being followed longitudinally. A strong interdisciplinary research team is in place which combines unique expertise in substance abuse research, advanced imaging methodology, adolescent behavioral assessment, and statistical modeling. This proposal integrates distinct bodies of research on brain development, adolescent behavior, and substance abuse to advance understanding of risks and consequences of adolescent substance use.

Public Health Relevance

This proposal integrates distinct bodies of research on brain development, adolescent behavior, and substance abuse to advance understanding of risks and consequences of adolescent substance use. This work has important implications for advancing knowledge, and ultimately may contribute to more effective treatment and prevention strategies for adolescent substance use disorders.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
5R01DA033997-02
Application #
8489272
Study Section
Special Emphasis Panel (ZRG1-BBBP-D (02))
Program Officer
Sirocco, Karen
Project Start
2012-06-15
Project End
2017-04-30
Budget Start
2013-05-01
Budget End
2014-04-30
Support Year
2
Fiscal Year
2013
Total Cost
$438,839
Indirect Cost
$127,394
Name
University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio
Department
Psychiatry
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
800772162
City
San Antonio
State
TX
Country
United States
Zip Code
78229
Mathias, Charles W; Stanford, Matthew S; Liang, Yuanyuan et al. (2018) A test of the psychometric characteristics of the BIS-Brief among three groups of youth. Psychol Assess 30:847-856
Acheson, Ashley; Vincent, Andrea S; Cohoon, Andrew J et al. (2018) Defining the phenotype of young adults with family histories of alcohol and other substance use disorders: Studies from the family health patterns project. Addict Behav 77:247-254
Charles, Nora E; Mathias, Charles W; Acheson, Ashley et al. (2017) Preadolescent sensation seeking and early adolescent stress relate to at-risk adolescents' substance use by age 15. Addict Behav 69:1-7
Acheson, Ashley; Wijtenburg, S Andrea; Rowland, Laura M et al. (2017) Reproducibility of tract-based white matter microstructural measures using the ENIGMA-DTI protocol. Brain Behav 7:e00615
Ryan, Stacy R; Friedman, Carly K; Liang, Yuanyuan et al. (2016) Family Functioning as a Mediator of Relations between Family History of Substance Use Disorder and Impulsivity. Addict Disord Their Treat 15:17-24
Acheson, Ashley; Lake, Sarah L; Bray, Bethany C et al. (2016) Early Adolescent Trajectories of Impulsiveness and Sensation Seeking in Children of Fathers with Histories of Alcohol and Other Substance Use Disorders. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 40:2622-2630
Charles, Nora E; Ryan, Stacy R; Bray, Bethany C et al. (2016) Altered developmental trajectories for impulsivity and sensation seeking among adolescent substance users. Addict Behav 60:235-41
Mathias, Charles W; Charles, Nora E; Liang, Yuanyuan et al. (2016) Pubertal Maturation Compression and Behavioral Impulsivity among Boys at Increased Risk for Substance Use. Addict Disord Their Treat 15:61-73
Ryan, Stacy R; Acheson, Ashley; Charles, Nora E et al. (2016) Clinical and Social/Environmental Characteristics in a Community Sample of Children With and Without Family Histories of Substance Use Disorder in the San Antonio Area: A Descriptive Study. J Child Adolesc Subst Abuse 25:327-339
Dougherty, Donald M; Olvera, Rene L; Acheson, Ashley et al. (2016) Acute effects of methylphenidate on impulsivity and attentional behavior among adolescents comorbid for ADHD and conduct disorder. J Adolesc 53:222-230

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