The research proposed here will contribute to a functional understanding of the morphology of the primate facial region. Because the primate face is dominated by the masticatory apparatus, this research will analyze how masticatory forces are dissipated throughout the primate face. This will be accomplished by an analysis of in vivo strain along the facial bones of Macaca fascicularis using strain gages. Rosette strain gages (three strain gage elements with a known orientation to one another) will be bonded directly to facial bones with a cyanoacrylate adhesive. The restrained macaque will then bite a transducer (or chew various types of foods), and bone strain will be recorded on an FM tape recorder and a chart recorder. In order to correlate precisely the animal's behavior with the bone strain signals, the animal and the chart recorder will be videotaped. With a special effects generator, a split-screen display of both animal and recorder will be produced and recorded. After the recording procedure, the raw strains will be played out from the tape recorder into the chart recorder. The maximum and minimum principal strains will then be determined from these raw strain values. Moreover, the direction of the principal strains will be determined. After surface strains have been characterized along different regions of the face of Macaca fascicularis (e.g. the mandibular symphysis, postorbital bar, anterior root of the zygoma, zygomatic arch, supraorbital region and interorbital region), patterns of internal stress will be inferred from patterns of strain. This will be done in order to understand how macaque facial bones dissipate masticatory stress. These data should provide information for understanding the functional significance of facial bone morphology.
| Vinyard, Christopher J; Williams, Susan H; Wall, Christine E et al. (2011) A preliminary analysis of correlations between chewing motor patterns and mandibular morphology across mammals. Integr Comp Biol 51:260-70 |
| Williams, Susan H; Vinyard, Christopher J; Wall, Christine E et al. (2011) A preliminary analysis of correlated evolution in Mammalian chewing motor patterns. Integr Comp Biol 51:247-59 |
| Ravosa, Matthew J; Ross, Callum F; Williams, Susan H et al. (2010) Allometry of masticatory loading parameters in mammals. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 293:557-71 |
| Ross, Callum F; Dharia, Ruchi; Herring, Susan W et al. (2007) Modulation of mandibular loading and bite force in mammals during mastication. J Exp Biol 210:1046-63 |
| Wall, Christine E; Vinyard, Christopher J; Johnson, Kirk R et al. (2006) Phase II jaw movements and masseter muscle activity during chewing in Papio anubis. Am J Phys Anthropol 129:215-24 |
| Hylander, William L; Wall, Christine E; Vinyard, Christopher J et al. (2005) Temporalis function in anthropoids and strepsirrhines: an EMG study. Am J Phys Anthropol 128:35-56 |
| Ravosa, M J; Johnson, K R; Hylander, W L (2000) Strain in the galago facial skull. J Morphol 245:51-66 |
| Hylander, W L; Ravosa, M J; Ross, C F et al. (2000) Symphyseal fusion and jaw-adductor muscle force: an EMG study. Am J Phys Anthropol 112:469-92 |
| Ross, C F; Hylander, W L (2000) Electromyography of the anterior temporalis and masseter muscles of owl monkeys (Aotus trivirgatus) and the function of the postorbital septum. Am J Phys Anthropol 112:455-68 |
| Hylander, W L; Ravosa, M J; Ross, C F et al. (1998) Mandibular corpus strain in primates: further evidence for a functional link between symphyseal fusion and jaw-adductor muscle force. Am J Phys Anthropol 107:257-71 |
Showing the most recent 10 out of 30 publications
