The long-term goal of this interdisciplinary (numerical engineering modeling, bench-top and clinical experiments) project is to improve the predictability of orthodontic treatment. Predictability will produce reductions in iatrogenic side effects, needed corrections, office visits, and treatment time - all to benefit clinician and patient. The proposed study focuses on the two most used treatment strategies (translation vs. tipping with root correction) for canine retraction, a frequent clinical procedure. The three dimensional (3D) clinical orthodontic load systems will be controlled;the clinical outcomes based on tooth movement theory will be predicted;and the actual clinical outcomes in terms of treatment time, tooth movement, and root resorption will be quantified using newly developed technologies. Biological responses as reflected by local inflammation and bone quality will be monitored. Furthermore, the effect of genotype on clinical outcomes will also be evaluated. The main objectives are to (1) quantitatively evaluate two commonly used, but philosophically divergent, well-controlled orthodontic loading modalities by comparing treatment times and their attendant side effects, and (2) identify the roles of biological factors on the clinical outcomes. The hypotheses are: (H-1) the direct translation path (Strategy 1) needs less treatment time than the indirect pattern (Strategy 2);(H-2) Strategy 1 produces lower stress concentrations;(H-3) the strategy with the lower stress concentration will produce reduced stress-related side effects such as root resorption and inflammatory responses;and (H-4) IL- 12 Allele affects the treatment time of both strategies in a similar way, thus playing an insignificant role in comparison to the differences in the two treatment mechanics.
The specific aims (SA) are: SA-1 Characterize and quantify the mechanics of the treatment strategies using our previously developed orthodontic force tester (OFT). SA-2 Quantify the clinical outcomes in terms of 3D tooth displacements assessed from casts of clinical impressions and Conebeam CT (CBCT) images. SA-3 Directly associate treatment strategy mechanics with the clinical outcome. SA-4 Develop a method to quantify orthodontics-associated root resorption and tooth morphology using CBCT data. SA-5 Calculate the mechanical environment in bone, PDL, and root and determine the location of the tooth's center of resistance. SA-6 Treat patients with calibrated orthodontic load systems and quantify the resulting tooth displacements and biological responses. The outcomes of this study will provide clear evidence as to which strategy is superior. They will also provide insight into ways of reducing iatrogenic side effects and into the necessary evidence-based trade-offs for optimized treatment. With the knowledge gained, future orthodontic appliances will be designed to reduce side effects and treatment time. Furthermore, these results will provide a foundation for innovative mechanics that optimize other orthodontic treatments.

Public Health Relevance

The project will clinically evaluate two commonly used treatment strategies on the same patient. Both treatment time and side effects including root resorption will be quantified. The relevance of this project is that it will clinically identify the superior strategy and the directions for improvement.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research (NIDCR)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
1R01DE018668-01A2
Application #
7650664
Study Section
Oral, Dental and Craniofacial Sciences Study Section (ODCS)
Program Officer
Drummond, James
Project Start
2009-04-05
Project End
2013-04-04
Budget Start
2009-04-05
Budget End
2010-04-04
Support Year
1
Fiscal Year
2009
Total Cost
$319,973
Indirect Cost
Name
Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis
Department
Engineering (All Types)
Type
Schools of Engineering
DUNS #
603007902
City
Indianapolis
State
IN
Country
United States
Zip Code
46202
Jiang, Feifei; Chen, Jie; Kula, Katherine et al. (2017) Root resorptions associated with canine retraction treatment. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 152:348-354
Jiang, F; Xia, Z; Li, S et al. (2015) Mechanical environment change in root, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone in response to two canine retraction treatment strategies. Orthod Craniofac Res 18 Suppl 1:29-38
Jiang, Feifei; Liu, Sean S-Y; Xia, Zeyang et al. (2015) Hounsfield unit change in root and alveolar bone during canine retraction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 147:445-53
Li, Shuning; Xia, Zeyang; Liu, Sean Shih-Yao et al. (2015) Three-dimensional canine displacement patterns in response to translation and controlled tipping retraction strategies. Angle Orthod 85:18-25
Katona, Thomas R; Isikbay, Serkis C; Chen, Jie (2014) An analytical approach to 3D orthodontic load systems. Angle Orthod 84:830-8
Katona, Thomas R; Isikbay, Serkis C; Chen, Jie (2014) Effects of first- and second-order gable bends on the orthodontic load systems produced by T-loop archwires. Angle Orthod 84:350-7
Xia, Zeyang; Chen, Jie (2013) Biomechanical validation of an artificial tooth-periodontal ligament-bone complex for in vitro orthodontic load measurement. Angle Orthod 83:410-7
Xia, Zeyang; Jiang, Feifei; Chen, Jie (2013) Estimation of periodontal ligament's equivalent mechanical parameters for finite element modeling. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 143:486-91
Xia, Zeyang; Chen, Jie; Jiangc, Feifei et al. (2013) Load system of segmental T-loops for canine retraction. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 144:548-56
Gajda, Steven; Chen, Jie (2012) Comparison of three-dimensional orthodontic load systems of different commercial archwires for space closure. Angle Orthod 82:333-9