In a multicellular organism, the progression from the simple to the complex during embryogenesis and neoplastic transformation involves the process of differentiation. Before entering a pathway of specific differentiation a cell must be committed to that pathway, and this commitment, or the capacity to become differentiated, can precede the differentiation process itself In organs such as liver and pancreas, renewable stem cell compartment is not normally operative in the adult life, in contrast, for example, to the epidermis and the gastrointestinal epithelium. This competing renewal application is based on a novel model system, developed and optimized in our laboratory, which demonstrates the differentiation of pancreatic cells into hepatocytes in pancreas of the adult rat. This copper depletion/repletion model of pancreatic hepatocyte transdifferentiation provides a unique system to test the hypothesis that bi (multi)-potential progenitor cells (stem cells) exist but remain dormant in the normal adult pancreas and that they undergo mitosis and change their differentiation commitment as a result of copper deficiency-induced loss of acinar cells in the pancreas. We propose that pancreatic ductular/periductal cells possess facultative stem-like cell potential, similar to the bile duct epithelium which gives rise to oval cells in liver. Since both bile duct and pancreatic ductular epithelium originate from the related primordium, they may possess a differentiation """"""""switch"""""""". Our objective is to investigate the process of hepatocyte differentiation in the pancreas at the molecular and morphological levels to gain fundamental understanding of the regulatory events involved in commitment and differentiation with the ultimate goal of identifying gene(s) responsible for the hepatocyte differentiation. The immediate specific aims are: 1) to delineate the pancreatic hepatocyte lineage from the postulated progenitor cells using immunomorphological, western blotting, northern blotting, and in situ hybridization techniques to define the early expression of hepatocytic growth factor genes and hepatocyte-specific markers; 2) to establish pancreatic epithelial (periductal/ductular) cells in culture from the pancreas after copper deficiency-induced acinar cell depletion and investigate their differentiation potential both in vitro and in vivo, and 3) isolate immediate early commitment/differentiation mRNAs using subtracted cDNA from pancreas after copper deficiency-induced acinar cell loss. We anticipate that the highly reproducible and clearly characterized model of pancreatic hepatocyte differentiation will most likely yield information of a fundamental nature regarding cell commitment and differentiation.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
2R01DK037958-05
Application #
3237012
Study Section
Chemical Pathology Study Section (CPA)
Project Start
1987-05-01
Project End
1995-04-30
Budget Start
1991-05-15
Budget End
1992-04-30
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
1991
Total Cost
Indirect Cost
Name
Northwestern University at Chicago
Department
Type
Schools of Dentistry
DUNS #
005436803
City
Chicago
State
IL
Country
United States
Zip Code
60611
Rao, M Sambasiva; Reddy, Janardan K (2005) Pancreatic stem cells: differentiation options. Stem Cell Rev 1:265-71
Jeffers, M; Rao, M S; Rulong, S et al. (1996) Hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor-Met signaling induces proliferation, migration, and morphogenesis of pancreatic oval cells. Cell Growth Differ 7:1805-13
Rao, M S; Yukawa, M; Omori, M et al. (1996) Expression of transcription factors and stem cell factor precedes hepatocyte differentiation in rat pancreas. Gene Expr 6:15-22
Reddy, J K; Rao, M S (1995) Progress in pancreatic cancer: implications of phenotypic and molecular plasticity. Lab Invest 72:383-6
Rao, M S; Reddy, J K (1995) Hepatic transdifferentiation in the pancreas. Semin Cell Biol 6:151-6
Ide, H; Yeldandi, A V; Reddy, J K et al. (1994) Increased expression of sulfated glycoprotein-2 and DNA fragmentation in the pancreas of copper-deficient rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 126:174-7
Ide, H; Subbarao, V; Reddy, J K et al. (1993) Formation of ductular structures in vitro by rat pancreatic epithelial oval cells. Exp Cell Res 209:38-44
Rao, M S; Yeldandi, A V; Subbarao, V et al. (1993) Role of apoptosis in copper deficiency-induced pancreatic involution in the rat. Am J Pathol 142:1952-7
Bartles, J R; Rao, M S; Zhang, L Q et al. (1991) Expression and compartmentalization of integral plasma membrane proteins by hepatocytes and their progenitors in the rat pancreas. J Cell Sci 98 ( Pt 1):45-54
Rao, M S; Subbarao, V; Sato, K et al. (1991) Alterations of pancreatic hepatocytes in rats exposed to carcinogens. Am J Pathol 139:1111-7

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