Preliminary data indicate that the rate of oleic acid oxidation is 21 percent increased compared to palmitic acid. If the ratio of OA to PA in the diet were to increase, the rate of total fatty acid oxidation in the fed state also may increase; thus, daily fat balance might be decreased in humans fed diets enriched in OA. This would have significance to the treatment and prevention of obesity. Indirect calorimetry will be performed in the fed and fasting state in 34 young, healthy adults who will be studied under two conditions: after a 30-day, solid food diet (""""""""run-in phase"""""""") and again, after a 30-day formula diet. The subjects will be randomized to receive either a Control Formula similar to the solid food diet (OA=PA=16.4 percent total kcal) or a High Oleic Acid Formula (OA=31.4 percent kcal; PA=1.7 percent kcal). Using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, body composition will be monitored before and after the formula diet. The principal investigator (PI) will address four specific aims.
In specific aim 1, the PI will determine if a higher intake of oleic acid (and a reciprocally lower intake of palmitic acid) is associated with a higher rate of fat oxidation. The PI hypothesizes that the rate of fat oxidation (g/hr) in the fed state, adjusted for the covariate effect of the rate of fat oxidation on the solid food diet, will be higher (30 percent) in those subjects randomized to the OA-enriched diet compared to controls. In the specific aim 2, the PI will measure energy intake required to maintain constant body weight during each diet and to measure fat-free mass and fat mass, before and after each dietary change. The PI hypothesizes that a higher rate of fat oxidation on the high OA diet will be associated with a higher energy intake required to maintain constant body weight.
In specific aim 3, the PI will compare fat oxidation on the liquid formula diet with that observed on the solid food diet. The PI hypothesizes that fat oxidation will increase in those fed the OA-enriched diet.
In specific aim 4, the PI will measure the thermic effect of feeding during both the solid food and formula diet periods. The PI hypothesizes that the high OA feeding will be associated with a higher thermic effect of feeding.

Agency
National Institute of Health (NIH)
Institute
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
Type
Research Project (R01)
Project #
7R01DK055384-05
Application #
7018075
Study Section
Nutrition Study Section (NTN)
Program Officer
Miles, Carolyn
Project Start
2000-09-01
Project End
2006-08-31
Budget Start
2004-09-01
Budget End
2006-08-31
Support Year
5
Fiscal Year
2003
Total Cost
$127,517
Indirect Cost
Name
University of Vermont & St Agric College
Department
Pediatrics
Type
Schools of Medicine
DUNS #
066811191
City
Burlington
State
VT
Country
United States
Zip Code
05405
Kien, C Lawrence; Everingham, Karen I; D Stevens, Robert et al. (2011) Short-term effects of dietary fatty acids on muscle lipid composition and serum acylcarnitine profile in human subjects. Obesity (Silver Spring) 19:305-11
Kien, Craig Lawrence (2009) Dietary interventions for metabolic syndrome: role of modifying dietary fats. Curr Diab Rep 9:43-50
Kien, C Lawrence; Bunn, Janice Y (2008) Gender alters the effects of palmitate and oleate on fat oxidation and energy expenditure. Obesity (Silver Spring) 16:29-33
Kien, C Lawrence; Bunn, Janice Y (2007) Effects of palmitate and oleate on the respiratory quotient during acute feeding. Obesity (Silver Spring) 15:1640-2
Borsheim, Elisabet; Kien, C Lawrence; Pearl, William M (2006) Differential effects of dietary intake of palmitic acid and oleic acid on oxygen consumption during and after exercise. Metabolism 55:1215-21
Kien, C Lawrence; Bunn, Janice Y; Ugrasbul, Figen (2005) Increasing dietary palmitic acid decreases fat oxidation and daily energy expenditure. Am J Clin Nutr 82:320-6
Kien, C Lawrence; Ugrasbul, Figen (2004) Prediction of daily energy expenditure during a feeding trial using measurements of resting energy expenditure, fat-free mass, or Harris-Benedict equations. Am J Clin Nutr 80:876-80